Chapter 5+6 Flashcards
Q2. Young people two ways lives of young people changed
There was youth groups before but now youth groups very much about indoctrinating youth in to what the Nazis saw as the future roles, for boys military & girls mothers, 1936 youth law children must be educated according to Nazi principles. Teachers gave punishment essays those didn’t attend Hitler youth
Nazi education based around a sense of race & getting ready for war. Curriculum changed eg biology taught eugenics. 15% of timetable for male students was now PE and failing a PE test would result in expulsion
Q4. How did the Nazi Policies on youth & education affect young people in Germany between 1933-1939?
Firstly their future roles were now clearly defined for both girls and boys. Boys as leaders & soldiers- physical fitness & ability to follow orders and girls as mothers-physical fitness, and learning on looking after children & keeping the home
Secondly their lives were controlled so they were being trained for these designated future roles through youth groups & school. This was done by 1936 youth law, Hitler youth compulsory-do physical fitness tests, courage tests in probation, military style activities , camps. School Nazi special schools Order castle & Adolf Hitler schools trained to become leaders. BDM-lessons on being good mothers, exercise to be fit for child birth, slimming marching gymnastics. Schools special curriculum for girls based on domestic home issues.
Thirdly they were indoctrinated about racism & the Cult of Hitler through the Hitler Youth and schools. Both lessons on German Folklore & Hitler in the Youth groups & lessons in school on blood purity & eugenics. They learned how to identify Jews
Lastly because of all the reasons mentioned above the young people were affected by the fact that their Education suffered. This was due to the fact that the curriculum was Nazified their education was adapted to teach war and Nazi ideals and so they didn’t get the quality & breadth of education they would have had under Weimar Germany. Traditional subjects lost out to PE & folklore as well as their education being affected due to their absences to attend Hitler Youth& BDM
Q5 The Nazis were successful in indoctrinating the youth in Germany 1933-39/ The Nazi Youth polices met their aims 1933-39. Do you agree?
Evidence that it worked was successful for the Nazis:-
• German people who were members of Hitler Youth look back fondly on it so they must have seen it as positive at the time
• It worked because the evidence of thousands making pledge to Hitler on his birthday.
• Success of the Patrol Force children who informed on opponents
However a counter argument could be made that Nazi policies towards young people were not successful.
What didn’t work:-
• One million Nazi youth didn’t join
• Rival youth groups eg the white rose
• Just because they were members of Hitler Youth didn’t mean they necessarily supported i. Maybe sent by family because they knew dangerous not to be member.
In conclusion they were ultimately successful
Q5 Nazi attempts to discriminate and alienate the Jewish population was largely successful. Do you agree?
There is an extremely strong case to be made for the fact that Nazi attempts to discriminate & alienate the Jewish population in Germany was extremely successful.
The majority of early anti-Semitic decrees were intended to extract Jews from important white collar occupations. In April 1933, the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service rescinded the employment of non-Aryan workers in government jobs. This prevented Jews from working as judges, doctors in state-run hospitals, lawyers in government departments and teachers in state schools. There was also the boycott of Jewish shops. Both affected Jews economically
The introduction of the Nuremburg Laws these two new laws were to define racial identity in Germany Jews in Germany became aliens in their own country. The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor outlawed marriages or extra-marital sex between Jews and non-Jews. Then the Reich Citizenship Law decreed that only those of German blood were citizens of the state. Thus affecting Jews Civil Rights.
However, it could be argued that it the Nazis failed in their goals against the Jews
In 1933, the German public reacted badly to the SA’s boycott and harassment of the Jews. Indeed, the boycott was meant to last indefinitely but in fact only lasted one day. Hitler had to temporarily order a more cautious policy. When in the summer of 1935 there was an escalation in violence against Jewish people and property, Hitler actually ordered these ‘individual actions’ be halted, as they invited international condemnation and threatened the German economy.
However, one would have to concede that The Nazis racial discrimination of the Jews was highly successful.
Q4 How did Nazis persecution affect the lives of the Jewish people 1933-1939?/Q4 What were the different types of persecution 1933-39?/Q4 How did the Nazi persecution of Jews get worse between 1933&1939?
Firstly the majority of early anti-Semitic decrees were intended to extract Jews from important white collar occupations. In April 1933, the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service rescinded the employment of non-Aryan workers in government jobs. This prevented Jews from working as judges, doctors in state-run hospitals, lawyers in government departments and teachers in state schools. There was also the boycott of Jewish shops. Both affected Jews economically
Secondly the introduction of the Nuremburg Laws these two new laws were to define racial identity in Germany Jews in Germany became aliens in their own country. The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor outlawed marriages or extra-marital sex between Jews and non-Jews. The Reich Citizenship Law decreed that only those of German blood were citizens of the state. April-June 1938 Jews were ordered to register all their wealth property & businesses thus making it easier for the Nazis to confiscate them. It was also the year Nazi passports had to have a J on it and that they had to carry ID and have their forenames changed to Israel & Sara. Thus the Jews had lost their own identity. Thus the persecution had got worse
Thirdly was to isolate Jews socially by 1935 Nazi legislation also included a degree of racial segregation. Jews were banned from using public facilities such as libraries, parks and beaches; they could not enter residential or business areas deemed to be ‘Aryan zones’.
Lastly was persecution through violence, Kristallnacht 1938 When more than 400 synagogues,7500 shops and many homes were destroyed. Ninety-one Jews were killed and after 20,000 were sent to concentration camps
