Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCH 307 CH 4, 5 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

_______ _______ involves bodily movements produced by skeletal muscles.

A

Physical activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physical activity consists of 4 dimensions:

A
  1. Type
  2. Frequency
  3. Intensity
  4. Duration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

One dimension of physical activity is ____: aerobic, strength, endurance or flexibility

A

type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

One dimension of physical activity is _____: the time spent on the activity.

A

duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

One dimension of physical activity is _____: how often the activity is performed over a time period

A

frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

One dimension of physical activity is _____: the strenuousness of the activity when it is being performed

A

intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

We are more likely to engage in physical activity when the activity is ___________. It should fulfill some relatively immediate purpose beyond keeping fit and losing weight.

A

meaningful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The 3 forms of strength-endurance exercises are:

A
  • isometric exercise
  • isotonic exercise
  • isokinetic exercise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

________ exercises involves placing resistance on muscle by contracting or stretching the muscle groups.

A

Isotonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

________ exercise places resistance that overloads a muscle group through a complete range of motion. It is the most efficient of the 3 in building strength and endurance.

A

isokinetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_______ exercise is when you contract a muscle group against an immoveable object, without movement in the body. Mostly used to increase muscle strength, especially around the joints.

A

isometric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_______ exercises are intense, short duration exercises that require more oxygen than we can take in.

A

Anaerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_______ exercises increase consumption of oxygen over an extended period of time.

A

Aerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sustained _______ exercise improves the way our body uses oxygen, and produced the greatest benefits to our cardiovascular, pulmonary and muscular systems.

A

aerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Only 15% of Canadian adults meet the Public Health Agency of Canada’s guidelines for recommended level pf physical activity, which is ___ minutes of moderate to vigorous activity.

A

150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The use of ____ _____ _____ (BMI) to calculate obesity is controversial. Statistics can fluctuate widely depending on how data is gathered.

A

Body mass index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In Canada, guidelines for optimal physical activities are set by the Canadian Society for _______ _______ with support from Public Health Agency of Canada.

A

exercise physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The ________ benefits of physical activities includes: improved self-esteem, self-concept, self-efficacy, cognitive function and a reduction in anxiety and non-clinical depression.

A

psychological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

There is a bi-directional relationship between ____-______ and activity, since we are likely to engage in activities in which we think we can excel.

A

self-efficacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

There are four ways to increase self-efficacy, from least to most effective, they are:

A
  1. Attribution of emotional state
  2. Verbal persuasion
  3. Vicarious experience
  4. Performance accomplishments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

_______ experience is gained self-efficacy through watching others perform a task, believing you know how to do it.

A

Vicarious experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Persuading others or ourselves that we have the skills to perform an activity, involves the use of ______ persuasion, which increases our self-efficacy.

A

verbal persuasion

23
Q

Self-efficacy can be gained through individual self-assessments of their emotional state, evaluating their capabilities accordingly. Emotional _______ is the least powerful way to gain self-efficacy.

A

Emotional arousal

24
Q

The most influential source of self-efficacy, which is based on experiences of mastery, is known as ________ ________.

A

performance accomplishments

25
Q

An increase in self-efficacy may increase ________ in physical activity.

A

participation

26
Q

Regular, moderate to vigorous exercise reduces the risk of mortality from all causes, especially ________ disease and _______.

A

cardiovascular disease and cancer

27
Q

Physical _______ is identified by WHO as one of 4 leading risk factors for global mortality.

A

inactivity

28
Q

Convincing people to exercise regularly is difficult because exercise is initially somewhat ______ with few short-term rewards.

A

aversive

29
Q

Attempts to encourage more physical activities through public health ________ has, so far, been met with limited success.

A

promotion

30
Q

The key to increasing the level of exercise is to find ways to enhance the immediate, ______ feelings during and immediately after exercise.

A

positive

31
Q

The top 3 risk factors causing death in the world are:

A
  1. high blood pressure
  2. tobacco use
  3. high blood glucose
    Physical inactivity is #4
32
Q

The top 3 risk factors causing death in middle-income countries are:

A
  1. high blood pressure
  2. tobacco use
  3. overweight and obesity
    Physical inactivity is #4
33
Q

The top 3 risk factors causing death in low-income countries are:

A
  1. Childhood underweight
  2. High blood pressure
  3. Unsafe sex
    Physical inactivity is #8
34
Q

The top 3 risk factors causing death in high-income countries is:

A
  1. Tobacco use
  2. High blood pressure
  3. Overweight and obesity
    Physical inactivity is #4
35
Q

Many basic psychological skills taught to athletes are also used in stress-management training for non-athletes. These 4 skills are:

A
  1. Relaxation skills
  2. Self-talk
  3. Imagery and mental rehearsal
  4. Goal setting
36
Q

_______ skills includes breath control and progressive muscular relaxation (PMR). The objective of training is to gain the ability to initiate relaxation quickly and allow that relaxation to generalize to the relevant performance domain.

A

Relaxation skills

37
Q

The psychoneuromuscular theory suggests that _____ and _____ ________ works as they cause the actual motor pattern to be rehearsed. Although effective, it is not as effective as actual practice.

A

imagery and mental rehearsal

38
Q

____-_____ is used to correct faulty technique, stop negative thoughts, and initiate rational thoughts which enhance self-confidence

A

self-talk

39
Q

There are three types of goal setting methods. Concern with results or outcomes describes _____ goals.

A

outcome goals (ego-oriented goals)

40
Q

There are three types of goal setting methods. Concern with executing a specific profess or pattern during a performance/activity. Using self-talk is important for these kinds of goals.

A

process goals

41
Q

There are three types of goal setting methods. Concern with outcomes that are independent of other people are _________ goals.

A

performance goals (task-oriented goals)

42
Q

The 5 forms of physical fitness are: __________ endurance, ________ endurance, _______ strength, ____ composition and __________.

A
  • cardiorespiratory endurance
  • muscular endurance
  • muscular strength
  • body composition
  • flexibility
43
Q

Two principle areas of concern in sports psychology are: performance __________ and _______ concerns.

A

performance enhancement and clinical concerns

44
Q

_____ exercise does little for cognition but ______ exercise produces gains and improves cognition.

A

Acute, chronic

45
Q

Psychological ____ in sports are used to maintain attentional control to enhance performance, where Psychological ______ in sports, use techniques like relaxation, goal setting and imagery, to develop psychological skills.

A

Skills, methods

46
Q

Monitoring ____-____ gives one the ability to identify cognitive distortions and irrational ways of thinking that might disrupt performance.

A

self-talk

47
Q

Albert Ellis’ rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) outlines three dangerous ways of thinking, they are:

  • _______ thinking (thinking in all or nothing terms)
  • ____________ (global conclusions from single events)
  • ____________ (viewing minor concerns as disasters)
A
  • absolutist thinking
  • overgeneralization
  • catastrophization
48
Q

Imagery is a sensory experience that is performed in the absence of external stimuli. There are three types of imagery:

  • ______ _______ (a technique that involves the use of imagery to mentally practise a skill)
  • _______ imagery (person becomes external third-person observer of their own actions)
  • _______ imagery (person imagines being inside their own body, experiencing a situation as close to reality as possible)
A
  • Mental rehearsal
  • External imagery
  • Internal imagery
49
Q

_____ goals are associated with health improvement, skills development and relationship development.

A

Intrinsic goals

50
Q

______ goals are associated with image enhancement and recognition.

A

Extrinsic goals

51
Q

There is a high frequency of psychological consequences associated with an injury during physical activity. There are two approaches to understand athlete injury, they are:

  • ______ of _______ (assumes all individuals will pass through a series of stages in a set order)
  • _______ appraisal (views injury in the context of a stress and coping model –> response set by individual appraisal of event and their choice of coping)
A
  • stages of reaction

- cognitive appraisal

52
Q

There are two common types of concussions, they are:

  • _______-_______ injury (where mobile head hits immobile object or immobile head hit by mobile object)
  • _________ injury (results fro a blow to the side of the head)
A
  • acceleration-deceleration injury

- rotational injury

53
Q

Two uncommon types of concussions include:

  • _____-_____ syndrome (when a concussed person returns to activity too soon and receives another blow to the head) and
  • ____-_______ syndrome (lingering effects of a concussion causing memory problems, difficulties in concentration, headaches, dizziness and irritability)
A
  • second-impact syndrome

- post-concussion syndrome

PSYCH 307 CH 4, 5 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions