Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Due Process of Law

A

Denies the government the right, without dilute process to deprive people of life, liberty, and property

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2
Q

Equal Protection of the Laws

A

A standard of equal treatment that must be observed by the government

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3
Q

Selective Incorporation

A

The process whereby the Court had applied most, but not all, parts of the Bill of Rights to the states

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4
Q

Freedom of Expression

A

Right of people to speak, publish, and assemble

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5
Q

Freedom of Religion

A

People shall be free to exercise their religion, and government may not establish a religion

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6
Q

Prior Restraint

A

Censorship of a publication

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7
Q

Clear-and-Present-Danger Test

A

Law should not punish speech unless there was a clear and present danger of producing harmful actions

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8
Q

Libel

A

Writing that falsely injures another person

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9
Q

Symbolic Speech

A

An act that conveys a political message

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10
Q

Free-Exercise Clause

A

First Amendment requirement that law cannot prevent free exercise of religion

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11
Q

Establishment Clause

A

First Amendment ban on laws “respecting an establishment of religion”

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12
Q

Wall of Seperstion

A

Court ruling that government cannot be involved with religion

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13
Q

Exclusionary Rule

A

Improperly gathered evidence may not be introduced in a criminal trial

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14
Q

Search Warrant

A

A judge’s order authorizing a search

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15
Q

Probable Cause

A

Reasonable cause for issuing a search warrant or making an arrest; more than mere suspicion

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16
Q

Good Faith Exception

A

An error in gathering evidence sufficiently minor that it may be used in a trial

17
Q

Public Safety Exception

A

The police can question an in-Mirandized suspect if there is an urgent concern for public safety

18
Q

Inevitable Discovery

A

The police can use evidence if it would inevitably have been discovered

19
Q

Civil Liberties

A

Rights–chiefly, rights to be free of government interference–accorded to an individual by the Constitution: free speech, free press, and so on