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Syntax > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Syntax

A

A component of mental grammar that deals with constructing phrasal expressions out of smaller expressions

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2
Q

Grammatical

A

A term used to describe a sentence that is in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language, especially syntactic rules

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3
Q

Ungrammatical

A

Not in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules with some language, especially syntactic rules.

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4
Q

Grammaticality judgment

A

An instance of a native speaker of some language deciding whether some string of words corresponds to a syntactically well-formed or grammatical phrasal expression in their native language

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5
Q

Subject

A

An expression typically a noun phrase, that occurs to the left of the verb phrase in an English sentence

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6
Q

Object

A

A noun phrase that usually occurs immediately to the right of the verb in English

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7
Q

Linguistic expression

A

A piece of language with a form, a meaning and syntactic properties

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8
Q

Syntactic properties

A

Properties of linguistic expressions that dictate how they can syntactically combine with other expressions, namely word order

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9
Q

Word order

A

The linear order in which words can occur in some phrasal expression

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10
Q

Co-occurrence

A

The set of syntactic properties that determines which expressions may or have to co-occur with some other expressions in a sentence

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11
Q

Argument

A

Linguistic expression that must occur in a sentence if some other expression occurs in that sentence as well

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12
Q

Compliments

A

A non-subject argument of some expression

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13
Q

Adjuncts

A

A linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional

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14
Q

Agreement

A

The phenomenon by which certain expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person, number or gender

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15
Q

Syntactic constituent

A

A group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic unit within some larger expression

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16
Q

Cleft

A

A type of sentence that has the general form It is/was

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17
Q

Syntactic category

A

A group of expressions that have very similar syntactic properties

18
Q

Syntactic distribution

A

Refers to the set of syntactic environments in which an expression can occur

19
Q

Sentence

A

a syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur in Sally thinks that ———-.

20
Q

Noun phrase

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of proper names, pronouns and all other expressions with the same syntactic distribution

21
Q

Determiners

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as, the, a, this, all, ect…

22
Q

Adjectives

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category

23
Q

Transitive verbs

A

The name of a syntactic that consists of those expression of category noun phrase to their right result in verb phrase

24
Q

Intransitive verbs

A

The name for the set of lexical expression whose syntactic category is verb phrase

25
Q

Ditransitive verb

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with two expressions of a category noun phrase to their right result in verb phrase

26
Q

Adverb

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as quickly, well, furiously

27
Q

Prepositional phrase

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that contain a preposition and noun phrase

28
Q

Homophony

A

The phenomenon by which two or more distinct morphemes happen to have the same form

29
Q

Noun

A

The name of a lexical category and syntactic category. Morphologically, consists of words to which the plural suffix s or the suffix like

30
Q

Verb phrase

A

the name of a syntactic category that consists of all expressions which if combined with noun phrase to their left result in a sentence

31
Q

Preposition

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as of, in, for, with, ect.

32
Q

Sentential compliment verb

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with a sentence to their right result in a verb phrase

33
Q

Lexical entry

A

A representation of a lexical expression and its linguistic properties within a descriptive grammar of some language

34
Q

Lexical category

A

Class of words grouped together based on morphological properties

35
Q

Phrase structure tree

A

A visual representation of how phrases are constructed within a descriptive grammar, given the lexicon and the phrase structure rules

36
Q

Phrase structure rules

A

A recipe for syntactically combining expressions of certain syntactic categories

37
Q

Compositionality

A

The notion that the meaning of a phrasal expression is predictable from the meanings of the expressions it contains and how they were syntactically combined

38
Q

Expressions

A

A piece of language with a form, a meaning and syntactic properties

39
Q

Phrasal expressions

A

A linguistic expression that results from the syntactic combination of smaller expressions

40
Q

Semantics

A

The study of linguistic meaning

Syntax (1 decks)

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