Chapter 5 Flashcards
Heredity
The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
Dominant Trait
A trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.
Recessive Trait
A trait that reappeares in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred.
Gene
One set of instructions for am inherited trait.
Allele
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.
Phenotype
An organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic.
Genotype
The entire genetic makeup of an organism also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits.
Probability
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.
Homologous Chromosomes
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure.
Meiosis
A process in cell division durin which the number of chromosomes decrease to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells.
Sex chromosome
One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
Pedigree
A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
