Chapter 5

Question 1

Trojan War

Answer 1

A war waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans (Greeks) after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of Sparta

Question 2

Homer

Answer 2

Author of the Iliad and the Odyssey

Question 3

Epic

Answer 3

A long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the history of a nation

Question 4

Myth

Answer 4

A traditional story, especially one concerning the early history of a people or explaining some natural or social phenomenon, and typically involving supernatural beings or events

Question 5

Polis

Answer 5

A city state in ancient Greece

Question 6

Acropolis

Answer 6

A citadel or fortified part of an ancient Greek city, typically built on a hill

Question 7

Monarchy

Answer 7

A form of government with a monarch at the head

Question 8

Aristocracy

Answer 8

A form of government in which power is held by the nobility

Question 9

Oligarchy

Answer 9

A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution

Question 10

Tyrant

Answer 10

A cruel and oppressive ruler

Question 11

Democracy

Answer 11

A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives

Question 12

Helot

Answer 12

A member of a class of serfs in ancient Sparta, intermediate in status between slaves and citizens

Question 13

Phalanx

Answer 13

A body of troops or police officers, standing or moving in close formation

Question 14

Persian Wars

Answer 14

A series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century (492–449 BCE)

Question 15

Direct Democracy

Answer 15

A form of democracy in which people decide (e.g. vote on, form consensus on) policy initiatives directly

Question 16

Classical Art

Answer 16

The art of ancient Greece and Rome

Question 17

Tragedy

Answer 17

A play dealing with tragic events and having an unhappy ending, especially one concerning the downfall of the main character

Question 18

Comedy

Answer 18

A play consisting of jokes and satirical sketches, intended to make an audience laugh

Question 19

Peloponnesian War

Answer 19

An ancient Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta

Question 20

Philosopher

Answer 20

A person engaged or learned in philosophy, especially as an academic discipline

Question 21

Socrates

Answer 21

Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, generally regarded as one of the wisest people of all time

Question 22

Plato

Answer 22

A philosopher and mathematician in Classical Greece, and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world

Question 23

Aristotle

Answer 23

A Greek philosopher and scientist who made significant and lasting contributions to nearly every aspect of human knowledge, from logic to biology to ethics and aesthetics

Question 24

Philip II

Answer 24

King of Macedonia, later passed it on to Alexander the Great

Question 25

Macedonia

Answer 25

An ancient kingdom with Philip II as its king; was later passed on to his son, Alexander the Great

Question 26

Alexander the Great

Answer 26

Son of Philip II, known for conquering the Persian Empire, king of Macedonia

Question 27

Darius III

Answer 27

The last king of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia from 336 BC to 330 BC

Question 28

Hellenistic

Answer 28

Of or relating to Greek history, language, and culture from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony by Octavian in 31 BC. During this period Greek culture flourished and spread

Question 29

Alexandria

Answer 29

A city in Egypt named by Alexander the Great after himself

Question 30

Euclid

Answer 30

A Greek mathematician, often referred to as the “Father of Geometry”

Question 31

Archimedes

Answer 31

Archimedes of Syracuse was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer

Question 32

Colossus of Rhodes

Answer 32

A large statue of the Greek titan-god of the sun Helios in the city of Rhodes