Chapter 5 Flashcards
The 3 kinds of Omega-3 fats
ALA (alpha-linolenic acid)
DHA (docosohexanoic acid)
EPA (eicosapentanoic acid)
An essential fat that must be consumed in the diet. Our bodies can make DHA and EPA from this fat but is very limited.
ALA
AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range) for % of fat in the diet.
20-35%
How many calories per gram of lipids?
9kcal
3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule.
Triglycerides
Lipids attached to a phosphate group.
Synthesized in the body.
Water soluble
Form the lipid bilayer
Phospholipids
A type of lipid found in animals and plants.
Sterols
Linoleic acid requirements for men and women.
12g/day for women and 17g/day for men
Alpha-linoleic acid requirements for men and women
1.1g/day for women and 1.6g/day for men
Canada Food Guide recommends eating 2 servings f fatty fish per week to obtain the required intake of what?
Omega-6 fatty acids.
An Omega-6 fatty acid that is found in vegetables and nut oils.
Linoleic acid
An Omega-6 fatty acid that is found mainly in animal fats/
Arachinodic acid
A fatty acid that is critical for the development of the central nervous system and the retina of the eyes, helps the immune system.
DHA (decosahexanoic acid)
Eicosapentanoic Acid (EPA)
Hormone-like molecules that help regulate blood clotting, blood pressure, and immune function that are made from Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids.
EPA’s made from Omega-3
have antiinflamitory properties.
EPA’s made from Omega-6
promote inflamation
Combine fat soluble lipids with phospholipids and proteins. This particle allows the transport of fat soluble vitamins with triglycerides, cholesterol, from the small intestine and stored lipids from the liver.
Lipoproteins
2 types of fats that lower the risk of heart disease
Polyunsaturated and monounsaturated
2 types of fats that increase the risk of heart disease
Tans fats and saturated fats
Cholesterol
Used to make several hormones including estrogen and testosterone.
Is a type of sterol only found in animals. Animal cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease.
Chylomicrons
A blood lipid that transports dietary fat from the intestine to the tissues/
VLDL’s (very low density lipoproteins)
A blood lipid that transports lipids (mainly TG’s) synthesizes in the body to the tissues.
LDL’s
Blood lipid that transports cholesterol to the body. “bad cholesterol”
HDL’s
Blood lipid that transports cholesterol from the tissues to the liver “good cholesterol”
Atherosclerosis
The main cause of heart disease. A type of cardiovascular disease that involves the build up of fatty acids in the artery walls.
Daily recommended fat intake
No more than 30%
Saturated fats should not be more than 10%
Polyunsaturated should be 10%
