Chapter 5 Flashcards
Acquired immunity
Immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations), or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Abbreviated aids; a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system. Aids is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus hiv.
Allergy
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances.
Antiseptics
Chemical germicides formulated to use on skin; registered and regulated by the food and drug administration.
Aseptic procedures
A process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce contamination.
Asymptomatic
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.
Autoclave
A device for sterilization by steam under pressure.
Bacilli
Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculous and diphtheria.
Bacteria (singular; bacterium)
One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless.
Bactericidal
Capable of destroying bacteria.
Binary fission
The division or bacteria fells into two new cells called daughter cells.
Bioburden
The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on s surface or object before decontamination or sterilization.
Bloodborne pathogens
Disease-causing microorganisms carries in the body by blood or Body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.
Body substance isolation
Abbreviated BSI; a system of precautions developed by Seattle hospital in 1987 to prevent contact with bodily substances and fluids by using protective apparel to prevent the spread of communicable disease.
Chelating soaps
Also known as chelating detergents; detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks.
Clean
Also known as cleaning; a mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs. Cleaning also removes invisible to debris that interferes with disinfection
Cocci
Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups the three types of cocci are staphylococci streptococci and diplococci
Contagious disease
Also known as communicable disease; a disease that is spread from one person to another person. some of the more contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, pinkeye, viral infections and natural hair or Toe infections
Contamination
The presents, or the reasonably anticipated presents, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item surface or visible debris, residues such as dust, hair and skin
Cross-contamination
Contamination that occurs when you touch one object and then transfer the contents of that object to another, such as touching skin, and touching a product without washing your hands.
Decontamination
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair and skin
Dermatophytes
A type of fungi that causes skin, hair, and nail infections.
Diagnosis
Determination of the nature of the disease from its symptoms and or diagnostic tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in Pairs and cause disease such as pneumonia
Direct transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching including (shaking hands) and kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.
Disease
An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or it’s systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of caring on normal function.
Disinfectants
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces.
Disinfection
Also known as disinfecting the process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, micro organisms on nonporous surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores.
Efficacy
The ability to produce an effect.
Exposure incident
Contact with nonintact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of the employees duties.
Flagella
Also known as Cillia; slender hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about)
Folliculitis
Also known as folliculitis Barbae, sycosis Barbae, or barbers itch. Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs do you do shaving or other epilation methods
Fungi
Micro scopic plant parasites, which include mold, mildew’s, and yeasts; can produce contagious disease such as ringworm.
Fungicidal
Capable of destroying fungi.
Hepatitis
A blood borne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver.
Hospital disinfectants
Disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and bodily fluids.
Human immunodeficiency virus
Abbreviated HIV; a pathogen that is most often the person precursor to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). By impairing or killing the immune system affected with it, HIV progressively destroys the body’s ability to fight infection or certain cancers.
Human papillomavirus
Abbreviated HPV and also known as plantar warts, a virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resemble small black dots, usually in cluster groups.
Immunity
The ability of the body to destroy and resistant infection. Immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good health.
Indirect transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.
Infection
The invasion of body tissues by disease- causing pathogens.
Infection control
The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.
Infectious
Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.
Infectious disease
Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that into the body. And infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person.
Infection control
The method used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.
Inflammation
Condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection; characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling.
Local infection
An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.
Material safety data sheet
Abbreviated MSDS; information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overdose and flammability warnings.
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
Abbreviated MRSA; a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatment such as antibiotics.
Microorganism
Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.
Mildew
A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon.
Motility
Self-movement.
Multiuse
Also known as reusable items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.
Mycobacterium fortuitum
A microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers.
Natural immunity
Immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living.
Non-pathogenic
Harmless micro organisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.
Nonporous
An item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pours or openings and cannot absorb liquids.
Occupational disease
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated over exposure to certain products or ingredients.
Parasites
Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in other organism referred to as the host, while contributing nothing to the survival of the organism. Parasites must have a host to survive.
Parasitic disease
Disease caused by parasites, such is lice and mites.
Pathogenic
Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection and humans when they invade the body.
Pathogenic disease
Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Personal protective equipment
Abbreviated PPE; protective clothing and devices designed to protect an individual from contact with bloodborne pathogen’s; examples include gloves, fluid resistant lab coat, apron, or Gown, goggles are I shield, and facemasks that cover the nose and the mouth.
Phenolic disinfectants
Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants. They are a form of form us formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes.
Porous
Made or constructed of the material that has pores are openings. Pours items are absorbent.
Pus
The fluid created by infection.
Quaternary ammonium compounds
Also known as quats; disinfectant that are very effective when used properly in the salon.
Sanitizing
A chemical process for reducing the number of disease causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level.
Scabies
A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin.
Single-use
Also known as disposable; items that cannot be used more than once. These items cannot be properly cleaned so that all visible residue is removed, or they are damaged or contaminated by cleaning and disinfecting in exposure incident.
Sodium hypochlorite
Common household bleach; effective disinfectant for the salon.
Spirilla
Spiral or corkscrew- shaped bacteria that cause disease such as syphilis and Lyme disease.
Standard precautions
Abbreviated SP, precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment to prevent skin and mucous membranes where contact with the clients blood, body fluids, secretions except sweat, excretions, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes is likely. Workers must assume that all blood and body fluids are potential sources of infection, regardless of the perceived risk.
Staphylococci
Plus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. Because abscesses, pustules, and boils.
Sterilization
The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
Streptococci
Plus forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.
Systemic disease
Disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under functioning or over functioning of internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system.
Tinea pedis
A ringworm fungus on the foot or athletes foot.
Tinea versicolor
Also known as sunspots; a noncontagious fungal infection which is characterized by white or varicolored patches on the skin and is often found on arms and legs.
Toxins
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).
Tuberculocidal disinfectants
Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis
A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing.
Universal precautions
Abbreviated UP; a set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for blood-borne pathogen’s
Virucidal
Capable of destroying viruses
Virus
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms. A virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function.
