Chapter 5

Question 0

Reliability is any measure comprises of two components.

Answer 0

True Score: the real score on a variable.

Measurement Error: Does not provide a reliable measure.

Question 1

Reliability

Answer 1

Consistency or stability of a measure or behavior.

EX: Professor Jasis is reliable because he starts class at 8am every time.

Question 2

Pearson Product-moment correlation coefficient (r). Measure to compute Reliability.

Answer 2

ranges from 0.00 to 1.00 and 0.00 to -1.00. the 0 tells us no relationship. the negative to positive signs provide us with the direction of the relationship.

Question 3

Correlation Coefficient ( Reliability Coefficient)

Answer 3

Needs at least two scores on the measure from many individuals. You want a high positive correlation.

Question 4

Concurrent Validity

Answer 4

Examining the relationship between the measure and a criterion behavior at the same time.

EX: High vs. low on shyness scale. Ask participant to describe themselves to a stranger and measure their level of anxiety. (Higher on the shyness scale would mean participant has higher anxiety.)

Question 5

Construct Validity

Answer 5

The degree to which a measurement device accurately measures the theoretical construct it is designed to measure.

Question 6

Content Validity

Answer 6

An indicator of construct validity of a measure in which the content of the measure is compared to the universe of content that defines the construct.

Question 7

Convergent Validity

Answer 7

The construct validity of a measure is assessed by examining the extent to which scores on the measure are related to scores o other measures of the same construct or similar constructs.

Question 8

Cronbach’s Alpha

Answer 8

An indicator of internal consistency reliability assessed by examining the average correlation of each item (question) in a measure with every other question.

Question 9

Discriminant Validity

Answer 9

The construct validity of a measure is assessed by examining the extent to which scores on the measure are not related to scores on conceptually unrelated measures.

Question 10

Face Validity

Answer 10

The degree to which a measurement device appears to accurately measure a variable

Question 11

Internal consistency reliablility

Answer 11

Reliability assessed with data collected at one point in time with multiple measures of a psychological construct. A measure is reliable when the multiple measures provide similar results.

Question 12

Interrater Reliability

Answer 12

An indicator of reliability that examines the agreement of observations made by two or more raters (judges).

Question 13

Interval Scale

Answer 13

A scale of measurement in which the intervals between numbers on the scale are all equal in size.

Question 14

Item-total correlation

Answer 14

The correlation between scores on individual items with the total score on all items of a measure.

Question 15

Measurement error

Answer 15

The degree to which a measurement deviates from the true score value.

Question 16

Nominal Scale

Answer 16

A scale of measurement with two or more categories that have no numerical (less than, greater than) properties.

Question 17

Ordinal Scale

Answer 17

A scale measurement in which the measurement categories form a rank order along a continuum

Question 18

Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient

Answer 18

A type of correlation coefficient used with interval and ratio scale data. In addition to providing information on the strength of relationship between two variables, it indicates the direction (positive or negative) of the relationship,

Question 19

Predictive validity

Answer 19

The construct validity of a measure is assessed by examining the ability of the measure to predict a future behavior.

Question 20

Ratio Scale

Answer 20

A scale of measurement in which there is an absolute zero point, indicating an absence of the variable being measured. An implication is that ratios of numbers on the scale can be formed (generally, these are physical measures such as weight or timed measures such as duration or reaction time).

Question 21

Reactivity

Answer 21

A problem of measurement in which the measure changes the behavior being observed.

Question 22

Reliability

Answer 22

The degree to which a measure is consistent.

Question 23

Split-half reliability

Answer 23

A reliablility coefficient determined by the correlation between scores on half the items on a measure with scores on the other half of a measure.

Question 24

Test-retest reliability

Answer 24

A reliability coefficient determined by the correlation between scores on a measure given at one time with scores on the same measure given at a later time.

Question 25

True Score

Answer 25

An individual’s actual score on a variable being measured, as opposed to the score the individual obtained on the measure itself.