Chapter 5

Question 1

Article III

Answer 1

establishes the judicial branch of the federal government

Question 2

U.S. District Courts

Answer 2

The federal court system are the courts of the ORIGINAL jurisdiction. All cases INVOLVING FEDERAL LAW are tried.

Question 3

U.S. Claims Court

Answer 3

In Special courts created by congress deals with peoples CLAIMS AGAINST government seizure of property.

Question 4

U.S. Court of Military Appeals

Answer 4

In special federal courts created by courts. Composed of the three civilians, is the final judge of court- martial convictions

Question 5

Vacancy crisis

Answer 5

empty seats in the court house. In the federal courts as the senate delayed acting on the presidents nominees to the bench.

Question 6

Senatorial courtesy

Answer 6

Senator from president party have veto over judges in their part. —- Folowed by the senate in confirmity federal judges below the supreme court.

Question 7

Exclusive jurisdiction

Answer 7

Federal only. cases involving crimes agaisnt the laws of the united states.

Question 8

concurrent jurisdiction

Answer 8

does state courts

Question 9

original jurisdiction

Answer 9

supreme court. cases that can be presented first to court

Question 10

appellate jurisdiction

Answer 10

supreme court. most of the cases it hears are appeals of lower court decisions.

Question 11

Writ of certiorari

Answer 11

is an order to the lower court to send the entire record of the case to the court of review.

Question 12

judicial review

Answer 12

the power not only to declare acts and laws of any state and local government unconstitutional but also to strike down acts of any branch of the federal government.

Question 13

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 13

established to the principle of the judicial review.

Question 14

McCulloch v Maryland

Answer 14

the state of Maryland attempted to tax Baltimore branch of the unpopular Bank of the United States, established by the federal government.

Question 15

Dred Scott v Sandford

Answer 15

the court ruled that a slave (dred scott) was not automatically free just because his owner had taken him to a state not allowing slavery. —– slaves have no rights

Question 16

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Answer 16

which has attempted to resolve the slavery issue dividing the new western territories into slave and free parts.

Question 17

implied powers

Answer 17

bases on this clause were used later in broadly expanding the duties that congress could undertake.

Question 18

court packing

Answer 18

threatening to expand the court

Question 19

Baker v. Carr

Answer 19

decisions dealing with reapportionment. The warren court established the principle of “one man, one vote” for election districts.

Question 20

Miranda v. Arizona

Answer 20

Resort to Remain Silent.

Question 21

Bush v. Gore

Answer 21

Where the court split on Partisan lines, stopped a vote count, and made George Bush president.

Question 22

Political question

Answer 22

an issue on which the constitution or laws give final say to another branch of goverment, or one the court feel it lacks the capability to solve.

Question 23

Stare decisi (precedent)

Answer 23

to stand by decision. a final internal limit on the supreme court.

Question 24

United States v Lopez

Answer 24

the court ruled that congress had exceeded its authority to regulate interstate commerce by passing a law intended to keep guns out of school. — last time in 60 years.

Question 25

judicial restraint

Answer 25

the idea that court should not impose its views on other branches of the government or on the states unless there is clear violation of the constitution.

Question 26

judicial activism

Answer 26

is the view that the supreme court should be creative partner with the legislative and executive branches in the shaping government policy.

Question 27

jim crow laws

Answer 27

were passed to prohibit blacks from using the same public facilities as whites. School segregation.

Question 28

Plessy V Ferguson (1896)

Answer 28

the supreme court upheld a Louisiana law requiring railroads to provide separate cars for the two races.

Question 29

Brown V. Board of Education

Answer 29

denying it was overturning the precedent. The court held that segregated public schools violate the equal protection of laws.

Question 30

Civil Right Acts-

Answer 30

the act prohhibited discrimination in public accommodations involved in interstate commerce and in most business, and enforced equal voting rights for blacks.

Question 31

13 amendment

Answer 31

outlaws slavery

Question 32

14th amendment

Answer 32

extends the guarantees of the Bill of Rights to the United States as well as to the federal government

Question 33

15th amendment

Answer 33

ratified in the wake of the civil war, this amendment guaranteed the right to the vote regardless of race or color.

Question 34

Sundown Ordinance

Answer 34

deals with segregation; blacks couldnt go out after dark.

Question 35

U.s Term Limits v Thorton

Answer 35

was a case in which the supreme court of the united states ruled that states cannot impose qualification for prospective members of the U.S. congress stricter than those specified in the constitution for the term limits