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PSY 205 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Consciousness

A

Awareness of internal and external stimuli

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2
Q

Stream of Consciousness was named by

A

Functionalist William James

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3
Q

Who argued that the stream of consciousness has depth?

A

Sigmund Freud

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4
Q

EEG

A

device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by attaching recording electrodes to the scalp

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5
Q

What brain waves are engaged if you are alertly thinking

A

beta waves

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6
Q

what brain waves are engaged if you are relaxed and resting

A

alpha waves

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7
Q

what brain waves are engaged when you are dreaming

A

delta waves

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8
Q

what brain waves are engaged in light sleep

A

theta waves

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9
Q

biological rhythms

A

periodic fluctuations in physiological functioning that serve as “biological clocks”

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10
Q

Circadian rhythms

A

24 hr biological cycles found in humans and many other species which regulate sleep , blood pressure, urine cycle, hormones and affect alertness memory and cognitive performance

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11
Q

EMG

A

records muscular activity and tension

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12
Q

How does exposure to light affect circadian rhythms

A

receptors in the retina send direct inputs to a small structure in the hypothalamus called the SCN which sends signals to the pineal gland which secretes melatonin

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13
Q

EOG

A

records eye movements

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14
Q

Stage 1 of sleep

A

First 10 to 12 minutes; alpha waves give way to theta waves

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15
Q

Stage 2 of sleep

A

10 to 12 more minutes; sleep spindles occur

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16
Q

SWS

A

Sleep stages 3 and 4 where delta waves become prominent

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17
Q

REM Sleep

A

Deep deep sleep with beta waves where theres rapid eye motiom, where ppl dream

18
Q

How many times is the NREM and REM cycle repeated typically throughout the night

A

4; progressively NREM get shorter while REM gets longer

19
Q

Newborns sleep how many hrs in the day?

A

16; 50% is REM

20
Q

Ascending Reticular Activating System

A

consists of the incoming nerve fibers running through the reticular formation that influence physiological arousal to the cortex

21
Q

Why is REM sleep so important?

A

Memory Consolidation

22
Q

neurogenesis

A

formation of new neurons; fostered by REM sleep

23
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

frequent, reflexive gasping for air that awakens a person and disrupts sleep

24
Q

Nightmares

A

anxiety arousing dreams that lead to awakening, usually from REM sleep

25
Q

Night terrors

A

abrupt awakenings from NREM sleep accompanied by feelings of panic

26
Q

Somnambulism

A

sleepwalking

27
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)

A

marked by potentially troublesome dream enactments during REM periods

28
Q

Explain the sleep cycle

A

People pass through a sleep cycle which lasts 90 minutes of five cycles. 3 and 4 are SWS and then fifth is REM. This cycle is repeated about 4 times

29
Q

Hypotheses about evolutionary aspect of sleep

A

energy conservation, hiding from predators, restoration of resources

30
Q

manifest content of a dream

A

plot of the dream at surface level

31
Q

latent content of a dream

A

hidden meaning of the events in a plot

32
Q

Three theories on the purpose of dreams

A

wish fulfillment, problem solving, side effects of REM sleep

33
Q

Hypnosis

A

systematic procedure that typically produces a heightened state of suggestibility

34
Q

Psychoactive drugs

A

chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioral functioning by affecting the neurotransmitter aspect of the brain

35
Q

Narcotics

A

drugs from opium that relieve pain

36
Q

Sedatives

A

sleep inducing drugs which tend to decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity by elevating activity in dopamine circuites

37
Q

Stimulants:

A

drugs that increase central nervous system activation

38
Q

Examples of narcotics

A

oxycodone, codeine, heroine, methedone

39
Q

Examples of Stimulants

A

cocaine, caffeine crystal meth, crack, nicotene

40
Q

Ecstasy

A

Compound drug related to both stimulants and hallucinogens

41
Q

Mesolimbic dopamine pathway

A

long and rapid releases of dopamine along this pathway are what makes ppl abuse drugs

42
Q

lucid dreams

A

people know theyre in a dream

PSY 205 (3 decks)

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