chapter 5 Flashcards
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Complex development disabilities that impact the normal development of the brain processes related to social interactions and communication skills.
Developmental domain
An area of development such as fine and gross motor skills, cognitive abilities, self-help capabilities, and social and communication skills.
Differentiated instruction
The creation of multiple paths so that children of different abilities, interests, and learning needs experience equally appropriate ways to achieve important learning goals.
Free appropriate public education (FAPE)
Education for children with disabilities that is required by IDEA, so that children with disabilities are not denied the same opportunities offered to everyone else.
Individualized education program (IEP)
A written plan designed to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability or special need; it is developed, reviewed, and revised by an IEP team during meetings for each child who is eligible for special education services.
Nature
Term for the hereditary or genetic contributions to human development.
Nurture
Environmental factors and experiences that influence human development and behavior.
Prompts
Gestural, model, physical, pictorial, or verbal cues that elicit responses from children to assist them in using a specific skill.
Resilience
A child’s ability to overcome, adapt to, or minimize the damaging effects of adversity.
Response to Intervention (RTI)
A three-tiered framework intended to prevent learning delays in primary grades from becoming learning disabilities.
Temperament
The pattern of arousal and emotionality that is characteristic of an individual.
Explain Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences and how it relates to learning and teaching.
Gardner identified eight different intelligences, logical.mathematical, linguistic, musical, naturalist, spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, because he believed that people have different profiles of strengths and weaknesses. This theory challenges teachers to think of the many different ways children are intelligent and can demonstrate their competence.
Name 4 risk factors that can stop, delay or slow normal child development.
Living in poverty, living with a single parent, low education level of parents, disability, and child abuse.
What are “protective factors” and how do they minimize negative, high risk, situations?
Personal characteristics, skills, or environmental conditions that act as buffers against negative outcomes.
Give 3 examples of accommodations you can make in the classroom for children with special needs.
Providing differentiated instruction, offering preferential seating, and incorporating visual aids and clear instructions for all activities.
