Chapter 5

Question 1

What is a solution (properties too)? Describe what makes it up and give examples of different solutions.

Answer 1

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Question 2

What is the solute and solvent when one mixes two liquids?

Answer 2

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Question 3

What happens to the mass of the solute when it dissolves in a solvent? Give the formula of the mass of a solution.

Answer 3

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Question 4

What happens to the sugar when we add 5 g of sugar to 100 g of water?

Answer 4

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Question 5

Is volume conserved in a solution? Explain why this is and why a solution is homogeneous.

Answer 5

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Question 6

What are some uses of solvents and solutions?

Answer 6

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Question 7

Compare substances in their solution form rather than in their solid form by using an example.

Answer 7

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Question 8

Give examples of different solutions in each of the physical states.

Answer 8

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Question 9

Explain the difference between the three types of solutions. Use an example to illustrate.

Answer 9

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Question 10

What does solubility depend on?

Answer 10

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Question 11

What is solubility?

Answer 11

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Question 12

What is the solubility of salt in alcohol? Why?

Answer 12

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Question 13

State the solubility of copper sulphate crystals in water using the norms of mass.

Answer 13

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Question 14

Answer the following questions:

• If 25 g of copper sulphate is added to 100 g of water at 25 degrees Celsius, what happens?
• If 20 g of copper sulphate in 100 g of water at 50 degrees Celsius, what will happen?
• If 40 g of copper sulphate is disoslved in 100 g of water at 60 degrees Celsius, what will happen?
• If 100 g of copper sulphate in 100 g of water at 60 degrees Celsius is added, what will happen?
• What is the maximum mass of copper sulphate which can dissolve in water at (i) 0 degrees Celsius, (ii) 50 degrees Celsius and (iii) 90 degrees Celsius?

The graph on page 101 is to be used.

Answer 14

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Question 15

Is the salt solution in the Dead Sea dilute, concentrated, or saturated? Explain.

Answer 15

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Question 16

Describe temperature’s effect on solubility of solids and gasses.

Answer 16

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Question 17

Think About it Page 103

Question 18

Answer:

• Which solute is most soluble in water at (i) 0 degrees and (ii) 80 degrees Celsius?

Graph on Page 103

Answer 18

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Question 19

Describe nature of solute and nature of solvent’s effect on solubility.

Answer 19

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Question 20

Think About It Page 104

Answer 20

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Question 21

Which factor affects both solubility and the rate of dissolving? Which factors affect the rate of dissolving but do not affect solubility?

Answer 21

Temperature. Surface Area, how much is already dissolved in the solvent, and stirring rate.

Question 22

What is an acid? Explain using examples.

Answer 22

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Question 23

What precautions should be taken when using acids?

Answer 23

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Question 24

What are the general properties of acids?

Answer 24

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Question 25

What is the method to remove the shell of a raw egg without breaking it? What is the egg shell made of?

Answer 25

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Question 26

What are alkalis?

Answer 26

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Question 27

Name some general properties of alkalis.

Answer 27

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Question 28

Try It Out and Think About It page 111

Answer 28

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Question 29

What are indicators? What is litmus?

Answer 29

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Question 30

Think About It Page 112

Answer 30

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Question 31

In plants, how can stuff be used as indicators?

Answer 31

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Question 32

What is the pH scale, and name substances at each pH level. What is used to measure the pH scale? How?

Answer 32

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Question 33

What happens when we mix acids and alkalis? Explain using an example.

Answer 33

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Question 34

Give more examples of neutralisation.

Answer 34

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Question 35

Think About It page 118

Answer 35

Yes, the total mass of the acid and alkali equals the total mass of the salt and water in a neutralization reaction, as mass is always conserved in chemical reactions.

Question 36

In what ways is using a pH meter better than using the Universal Indicator?

Answer 36

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