CHAPTER 5 Flashcards
What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?
Cell
True or False: Cells are the smallest unit of life.
True
What is the term for a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function?
Tissue
What is the term for a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function?
Organ
Which organelle is responsible for energy production in a cell?
Mitochondria
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
Ribosomes
What is the term for the process by which cells replicate and divide?
Cell division
Which molecule carries genetic information in a cell?
DNA
What is the term for the process by which cells differentiate into specific cell types?
Cell differentiation
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
Diffusion
Which organelle is responsible for storing genetic information in a cell?
Nucleus
What is the term for the process by which cells engulf and digest foreign particles?
Phagocytosis
True or False: The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
True
What is the term for the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy?
Cellular respiration
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in a cell?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What is the term for the process by which cells rid themselves of waste products?
Excretion
Which organelle is responsible for packaging and transporting proteins in a cell?
Golgi apparatus
What is the term for the process by which cells maintain a stable internal environment?
Homeostasis
True or False: All cells have a cell wall.
False
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down and recycling cellular waste?
Lysosome
What is the term for the process by which cells respond to external stimuli?
Cell signaling
True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.
False
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
Chloroplast
What is the term for the process by which cells reproduce asexually?
Binary fission
Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell shape and structure?
Cytoskeleton
