chapter 5 Flashcards
civil rights
polices designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals
equal protection clause
a part of the 14th amendment emphasizing that the laws must provide equivalent “protection” to all people
civil rights act of 1964
the law making racial discrimination in public accommodations illegal. it forbade many forms of job discrimination. it also strengthened voting rights
equal rights amendment
a constitutional amendment passed by congress in 1972 stating that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the united states or by any states on account of sex.” the amendment failed to acquire the necessary support from the 3/4s of the state legislatures
voting acts rights of 1965
a law designed to help end formal and informal barrier to african american suffrage. under the law, hundreds of thousand of african americans registered to vote, and the number of african americans elected officials increased dramatically
letter from birmingham jail
open letter written by MLK while he was imprisoned. In the letter, King defends the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism and injustice, criticizes white moderates who prefer order over justice, and calls for immediate and active opposition to segregation and discrimination.
poll taxes
small taxes levied on the right to vote. poll taxes were used by most southern states to exclude african americans from voting
title ix
federal civil law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any educational program or activity that receives federal financial assistance.
affirmative action
a policy designed to give special attention or or compensatory treatment to members of some previously disadvantaged group
19th amendment
the constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the right to vote
