Chapter 5

Question 1

Dynamic Range

Answer 1

the range over which the signal is linear, usually defined from the
detection limit to the point where the signal is no longer linear with
concentration.

Question 1

Linear Range

Answer 1

analyte concentration interval over which analytical signal is proportional to analyte concnetration

Question 2

Useful Range:

Answer 2

the range over which there is useful quantification, usually defined from
the limit of quantification (or identification limit) to the point where the signal is no longer linear with concentration. (Note - that the useful range does NOT include the detection limit, working at the detection limit is NOT reliable.)

Question 3

Selectivity

Answer 3

ability to distinguish analyte from other species in sample
(avoid interference)

Question 4

Sensivity

Answer 4

ability to respond reliably and measurably to change in analyte
concentration (slope of the calibration curve)

Question 5

Blanks

Answer 5

sample not intended to contain analyte
* Account for interference by other species in the sample
* Account for trace amount of analyte found in reagents
* Frequent measures of blanks detect whether analyte from
previous sample is carried into subsequent analysis by vessels or
instruments

Question 6

Method Blank

Answer 6

• All components except analyte
• Taken through all steps of the analytical procedure
• Subtract the response of the method blank from the response of sample before calculating the quantity of analyte

Question 7

Reagent Blank

Answer 7

• Similar to a method blank, but it has not been subjected to all sample
  preparation procedures

Question 8

Field Blank

Answer 8

• Indicates if analyte is inadvertently picked up by exposure to field conditions

Question 9

False Positive

Answer 9

conclusion that analyte exceeds a certain limit wben, in fact
it is below the limit

Question 10

False Negative

Answer 10

a conclusion that analyte is below a
certain limit when, in fact, it is above the limit

Question 11

Standard Addition

Answer 11

[S]f = [S]f (Vi/Vf)
[X]f = [X]i (Vi/Vf)
[X]i/([S]f +[X]f) = Ix/(Is+x)

Question 12

Internal Standard

Answer 12

Ax/[X]=F((As/[S])

Question 13

Detection Limit

Answer 13

When give y=mx+b

For ceoncentration
C=3s/x <mean>
For Signal:
3s+x</mean>

Concentration is x and Signal is y

Question 14

Uncertainty in x

Answer 14

sx= sy/|m|*SQRT((1/k)+(1/n)+((y-y average)^2/((m^2) SUM (x-xaverage)^2))