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RES 203 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

An activity to obtain relevant information regarding the specified research questions or objectives

A

DATA COLLECTION

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2
Q

DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS

A

Questionnaires
Interviews
Tests
Observation

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3
Q

A paper-based or electronic tool for collecting information about a particular research interest

A

Questionnaire

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4
Q

Types of Questionnaire

A

structured
unstructured
semi-structured

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5
Q

uses closed-ended questions

A

structured

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6
Q

allows participants to respond to open-ended questions

A

unstructured

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7
Q

have characteristic of both structured and unstructured

A

semi-structured

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8
Q

used mainly for assessing various skills and types of behavior as well as for describing certain characteristics

A

Test

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9
Q

scored uniformly across different areas and groups

A

STANDARDIZED TEST

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10
Q

administered to specific sets of people

A

NON-STANDARDIZED TEST

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11
Q

2 MOST COMMON TYPES OF TEST

A

*Achievement Test
*Aptitude Test

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12
Q

Types of Test Questions

A

Recall Questions
Recognition Questions
Open-Ended Questions

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13
Q

Close Test, Identification, Enumeration

A

Recall Questions

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14
Q

Multiple-choice, Matching, Dichotomous

A

Recognition Questions

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15
Q

Non-performance Based, Performance Based

A

Open-Ended Questions

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16
Q

is a method of collecting data about an individual’s behaviors, opinions, values, emotions, and demographic characteristics using numerical data.

A

Interview

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17
Q

Allows the researcher to examine an actual phenomenon or behavior of a subject or participant

A

Observation

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18
Q

participants alter their behavior due to their awareness that they are being observed

A

Hawthorne Effect

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19
Q

Forms of Observation

A

Controlled Observation
Natural Observation
Participant Observation

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20
Q

provides more reliable data because they are obtained through a structured and well-defined process

A

Controlled Observation

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21
Q

researcher does not control the circumstances but allows the natural flow of events to happen

A

Natural Observation

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22
Q

allows researcher to become a member of the group or community that the participants belong to

A

Participant Observation

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23
Q

A document that provides the participants with the information they need in deciding whether they will participate or not in your study

A

Informed Consent Form (ICF)

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24
Q

Involves editing, coding, tabulating, and summarizing information through graphs and tables

A

DATA PROCESSING TECHNIQUE

25
Q

Gathered data are checked for consistency, accuracy, organization, and clarity

A

editing

26
Q

Gathered data are classified into categories, numerals, symbols, or other systems of labeling

A

coding

27
Q

Raw data are condensed into a more compact form; table is used

A

tabulating

28
Q

The data being edited, coded, and tabulated are presented through

A

non-prose materials

29
Q

are graphic or visual representations of sets of data or information

A

Non-prose materials

30
Q

Help condense and classify information using columns and rows

A

TABLES

31
Q

Focus on immediately representing how a change in one variable relates to another

A

GRAPHS

32
Q

Contains vertical and horizontal bars and comparisons of amounts and quantities

A

bar

33
Q

Shows trends and changes in the data

A

line

34
Q

Shows the relationship of parts to a whole, usually in percentages and proportions

A

circle or pie

35
Q

2 Types of Statistical Tests

A
  1. Parametric Test
  2. Non-parametric Test
36
Q

involves the use of statistical tests to address research questions or objectives, and to examine the relationship between the DV and IV

A

Data Analysis

37
Q

involves two variables DV and IV

A

bivariate data

38
Q

Identify which statistical info is most important

A

DATA GATHERING

39
Q

rests on a number of assumptions about the distribution of data (have more stat power)

A

Parametric test

40
Q

rests on a few or no assumptions regarding the distribution of data

A

Non-parametric test

41
Q

5 of the most common stat techniques

A

Pearson’s r
Spearman’s rho
ANOVA
Multiple Regression
t test

42
Q

Parametric stat method used for determining whether there is a linear relationship between variables

A

Pearson’s r

43
Q

Parametric stat method used for determining whether there is a linear relationship between variables

A

Pearson’s r

44
Q

Non-parametric stat method that tests the relationship between ordinal variables

A

Spearman’s rho

45
Q

Tests differences among the means of more than two groups of samples

A

ANOVA

46
Q

Tests differences among groups concerning one variable

A

one-way ANOVA

47
Q

Tests relationships between 2 nominal IV and 1 interval/continuous DV

A

two-way ANOVA

48
Q

Tests relationship between 1 DV and at least 2 IV

A

Multiple Regression

49
Q

Parametric stat method that tests the difference between 2 means

A

T-test

50
Q

Paired t-test
Sample groups highly related to each other

A

T-test Two dependent samples

51
Q

Tests the difference between data sets from 2 different groups

A

T-test Two independent samples

52
Q

Process of determining whether there is a sufficient statistical evidence to support your hypothesis

A

HYPOTHESIS TESTING

53
Q

the probability value that must be reached before the findings obtained will be statistically significant

A

Alpha level

54
Q

alpha level for social science

A

0.05

55
Q

alpha level for sciences

A

0.01 or 0.001

56
Q

the value that determines whether to reject or not to reject the null hypothesis

A

Test statistic

57
Q

2 APPROACHES IN HYPOTHESIS TESTING

A

Critical value approach
P-value approach

58
Q

How likely or unlikely the data obtained will meet the values suggested by HA

A

Critical value approach

59
Q

How extreme the findings must be leaning to the HA

A

P-value approach

RES 203 (2 decks)

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