Chapter 5 Flashcards
French and Indian War
In 1754 fourth struggle between the French and British began in the New World. French had better relations with Indians and a better understanding of guerilla warfare. The French also benefitted from Britain not being unified. Britain outnumbered the French twenty to one, they also controlled the waterways. Britain also had significant material investments in the colonies.
Seven Years’ War
In the French and Indian war when it moved to Europe Britain and Prussia allied meanwhile Austria, Russia, France, Spain, and several other nations. This war took place on 3 different continents and among various nations and tribes.
George Washington
Lieutenant Colonel George Wahington led many attacks.
Fort Duquesne
A newly constructed fort at the time. Where the French and Indians surprised Washington and where Washington was forced to surrender.
Guerilla Warfare
A form of Native American attack. Associated with forest fighting it was when small groups hidden in the brush or forests would attack their enemy aka Britain.
Albany Congress
A conference that advocated for the union of British colonies in North America
Benjamin Franklin
The person who proposed his Albany Plan ( centralized government including a president chosen by the king and a congress chosen by the separate colonies. It was rejected).
Edward Braddock
The general who the government sent to capture Fort Duquesne was later joined by Colonel Washington.
Marquis de Montcalm
The Frenchman was assigned to the force in America. He leads a series of defeats to the British from 1956-1958.
William Pitt
A British leader who used the British navy to isolate the french and replaced old, incompetent commanders with young and energetic ones.
James Wolfe
He was a very talented General one of the best.
Battle of Quebec
The battle where Wolfe and Montcalm was a battle that the British won and Wolfe died in.
Treaty of Paris (1963)
Where the french had to surrender their land in Canada and its claims to the Missippi and Ohio river
George III
Came to the throne in 1760
Pontiac
An Ottawa Indian Tribe chief, he was mad because of the Treaty of Paris. Hoped to protect their land by waging war on Britain.
Power of the Purse
This meant that the salaries for royal officials, military appropriations, and taxes need to obtain the approval of the elected officeholder. Also, the assembly could initiate its own legislation.
Proclamation of 1763
A parliament issued a document in October 1763. It prohibited the colonist from settling beyond the Appalachian mountains. The colonist denounced it and ignored this proclamation from the British government.
George Grenville
he was the Prime minister of 1764 he was in office when the British passed the Sugar Act. He tried to find other ways to raise money aka the stamp act resulting in the creation of the Sons of liberty.
Sugar Act
A tax or tariff placed on goods like sugar, molasses, and coffee
Stamp Act
The first tax that taxed the colonies directly this taxed actual stamps or special stamped paper that had to be attached to these items.
Internal Tax
This tax was on items produced consumed and produced in the colonies.
Sons of Liberty
A group that opposed Britain’s rule they were influenced by colonel Issac Barre.
Quartering Act
Patrick Henry
