Chapter 5 Flashcards
List the 6 categories of nutrients.
- Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
What do carbohydrates do in your body?
Provide the body’s main source of energy
What do fats do in your body?
Provide a source of stored energy, as well as insulation for the body
What do proteins do in your body?
Help build, repair, and maintain, or preserve, body tissues
What do vitamins do in your body?
Help cells, tissues, and organs stay healthy
What do minerals do in your body?
Help the body work properly
What does water do in your body?
Helps with chemical reactions in the body and helps transport materials to and from cells
Why is it important that you eat a variety of food in order to maintain good health?
Different foods have different nutrients. They work together in your body so you get the nutrients you need
What is malnutrition?
Pour nourishment resulting from a lack of nutrients
Can you get malnutrition from an abundance of food?
Yes, eating too much of bad food can cause malnutrition from the lack of nutrients
What are the 5 benefits of healthy eating?
Appearance, fitness, weight, protection from illness, healing
What are DRI’s?
Recommended daily amount of nutrients for people of a certain age and gender group
What is digestion?
Mechanical and chemical process of breaking down food and changing nutrients into forms your body can use
Where does digestion take place?
The digestive tract
Where does the breakdown of the first nutrient start?
In the mouth
What does the breakdown of the first nutrient turn into?
Smaller pieces
What is peristalsis?
Rhythmic movements of muscles
Where do proteins and fats start to break down?
Stomach through peristalsis
What do proteins and fats turn into after they start to break down?
Chyme
What is chyme?
A thick liquid
What is basal metabolism?
The energy you need to maintain automatic processes
How many calories are in a gram of carbohydrates?
4
How many calories are in a gram of protein?
4
How many calories are in a gram of fat?
9
Why do teens need more calories than adults?
They are more active and still growing. Calories are needed to build muscles and bones
