chapter 48 vocab Flashcards
withdrawal of blood from a vein
phlebotomy
puncture of a vein with a needle for the purpose of drawing blood
venipuncture
collection of smaller blood specimens using a lancet to pierce the skins surface to obtain blood from a capillary
capillary puncture
a flat broad length of vinyl or rubber used for venipuncture
tourniquet
allows for the collection of several specimens (also the most common evacuated system)
vacutainer
what is another name for evacuated system
straight stick
winged infusion set used for fragile veins because it keeps needle undisturbed while collection device is manipulated
butterfly system
which fingers are used for capillary punctures
middle or ring finger on non-dominant hand
where is a capillary puncture done on an infant
outer edges of the heel
specially treated paper or plastic coated to react to specific substances
reagents
small disposable instrument with a sharp point used to puncture the skin and make a shallow incision
lancets
small pipette that holds a small precise volume of blood
micropipette
small plastic tubes with a wide mouthed collective that allows blood to flow in freely
microtainer tubes
a drop of fresh blood put on a prepared microscope slide
smear slide
what is included/tested for in a lipid profile
cholesterol
HDL
LDL
triglycerides
total cholesterol
a list of who has had custody of a patient sample (alcohol and drug tests)
chain of custody
blood leaks out of a vein and collects under the skin
hematoma
how do you prevent a hematoma
release tourniquet before withdrawing needle and apply pressure after
a disorder in which the blood does not clot at the puncture site
hemophilia
uses a light to visualize a vein to make it easier to locate
venoscope
fainting
syncope
aerobic bacteria
needs oxygen
anerobic bacteria
doesn’t need oxygen
most common site for drawing blood (inner elbow)
antecubital fossa
most common veins for blood draw
median cubital, cephalic, and basilic
which vein usually has a tendon underneath
basilic
tests for presence of bacteria in the blood
blood cultures
cleaning in a circular motion with 70% isopropyl alcohol and allowing it to dry
aseptic technique
which blood draw technique puts less pressure on a vein
needle and syringe system
a substance that is used to prevent and treat blood clots
anticoagulant (blood thinner)
forms a gel-like barrier between plasma (serum) and whole blood (coagulated blood)
serum separator
color specific types of cells for microscopic study
stains
rupture of red blood cells (can present as pink in plasma)
hemolysis
what is included in a hematologic test
blood cell count
morphologic study
coag test
ESR
what are the formed elements
WBC’s, RBC’s, platelets (clotting cells)
analysis of whole blood with or without diff
CBC (complete blood count)
determines the CBC diff
wrights stain
what test measures percentage of packed RBC’s
hematocrit test
liquid portion of blood
plasma
RBC’s that have been separated for blood transfusion
packed RBC’s
device that measures the amount of hemoglobin in whole blood
hemoglobinometer
measures how long it takes for RBC’s and plasma to seperate
ESR
ESR screens for
presence of inflammation, sickle cell anemia, and infections
breaks down diff types of WBC’s
differential count
layer between centrifuged plasma and whole blood
buffy coat
what does a buffy coat consist of
WBC’s and platelet
spins blood and urine specimens at high speeds to separate components
centrifuge
used to detect specific substances in blood
serology rapid screening
used to confirm HIV infection
western blot test (also a serological test)
checks for presence or level of specific antibodies in the blood
serological tests
what is a rapid screening test
a simple test that has quick results (POCT, low complexity, CLIA waived)
can be rapid in a POL, chemistry test
cholesterol tests
analysis of RBC’s, WBC’s, platelets, hematocrit, hemoglobin
CBC test
what do neutrophils indicate
infection
what is found to indicate infection, leukemia, and autoimmune disorders?
basophils
what is found to indicate parasites, allergies, and cancer?
eosinophils
what is found to indicate infection, Ca, and autoimmune disorders?
lymphocytes
what is found to indicate epstein-barr virus and lupus?
monocytes
