Chapter 46

Question 1

Anuria

Answer 1

absence of urine

Question 2

Bacturia

Answer 2

bacteria in the urine

Question 3

Casts

Answer 3

microscopic forms created from protein in renal tubules

Question 4

Catheterization

Answer 4

to inserting a tubelike catheter through the urethra; typically performed to obtain uncontaminated urine directly from the bladder

Question 5

clean-catch

Answer 5

the process of collecting a urine specimen in a way to
prevent contamination; generally collected mid-stream;
after proper cleansing of the surrounding area

Question 6

crystals

Answer 6

Concentrated compounds in urine that resemble tiny

shards of glass

Question 7

Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)

Answer 7

A test performed to determine which particular bacteria are present and which antibiotics are effective against them

Question 8

diuretic

Answer 8

An agent that causes increased urine production

Question 9

glomerulonephritis

Answer 9

inflamation of the glomeruli in the kidneys from injury or illness; leads to impaired kidney function; also called
glomerular disease

Question 10

glycosuria/glucosuria

Answer 10

the presence of glucose in the urine, typically seen in

uncontrolled diabetes; also called glycosuria

Question 11

hematuria

Answer 11

the presence of blood in the urine, often due to infection or injury

Question 12

ketones

Answer 12

products of fat metabolism

Question 13

micturate

Answer 13

to urine

Question 14

micturition

Answer 14

another name for urination

Question 15

occult

Answer 15

microscopic amounts of blood that cannot be detected

with the naked eye

Question 16

oliguria

Answer 16

the production of small amount of urine

Question 17

parasites

Answer 17

organisms that live, feed, and grow on or in other organisms

Question 18

polyuria

Answer 18

excessive urination; typically more than 2,000 mL in a 24-hour period

Question 19

proteinuria

Answer 19

the presence of protein in the urine; may indicate kidney or cardiovascular disease

Question 20

pyuria

Answer 20

the presence of pus in the urine, often due to infection

Question 21

refractometer

Answer 21

a device used to evaluate plasma protein and specific gravity in urine

Question 22

renal threshold

Answer 22

the point at which the concentration of a substance in the blood causes it to spillover for removal through urine

Question 23

sediment

Answer 23

cells, debris, and other solids found in urine

Question 24

specific gravity

Answer 24

the density or concentration of urine, in relation to that of distilled water

Question 25

spermatozoa-(singular, spermatozoon)

Answer 25

male reproductive cells; also called sperm

Question 26

supernatant

Answer 26

fluid remaining at the top of a centrifuged specimen

Question 27

suprapubic specimen

Answer 27

sterile urine specimen obtained by inserting a sterile needle into patient’s bladder through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone

Question 28

turbid

Answer 28

cloudy from suspended particles

Question 29

urinalysis

Answer 29

a test performed at urine to determine physical, chemicals, and microscopic properties

Question 30

urine

Answer 30

a waste product secreted by the kidneys

Question 31

void

Answer 31

to urinate; to pass urine