Chapter 44

Question 1

assisted reproductive technology (ART)

Answer 1

technologies that use male and female gametes to assist the infertility patient to become pregnant; these methods include in vitro fertilization, gamete transfer and intrafallopian transfer, zygote intrafallopian transfer

Question 2

embryo transfer

Answer 2

a technique that follows in vitro fertilization in which the fertilized oocytes are injected into the uterus through the cervix

Question 3

gonadotropin

Answer 3

a hormonal substance that stimulates the function of the testes and ovaries

Question 4

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer 4

a glycoprotein secreted from placental trophoblastic cells; this chemical component is found in maternal serum and urine when a woman is pregnant

Question 5

intrauterine insemination

Answer 5

the introduction of sperm into the uterus by mechanical or instrumental means rather than by sexual intercourse

Question 6

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

Answer 6

a method of fertilizing the human ova outside the body by collecting the mature oocytes and placing them in a dish with a sample of sperm

Question 7

ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)

Answer 7

a syndrome that presents sonographically as enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts, abdominal ascites, and pleural effusions; often seen in patients who have undergone ovulation induction after the administration of follicle-stimulating hormone or a GnRH analogue followed by hCG

Question 8

ovarian induction therapy

Answer 8

controlled ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate or parenterally administered gonadotropins