Chapter 42 - Surgical Anatomy of the Hip

Question 1

acetabulum is formed from how many ossification centers?

Answer 1

ilium
ischium
pubis

Question 2

normal acetabular alignement?

Answer 2

45 degrees caudally
15 degrees anteverted

Question 3

most commonly injured vessels in acetabular placement

Answer 3

common femoral artery (retractor anterior over the ASIS)
external iliac artery

Question 4

what is the safest area for acetabular screw placement

Answer 4

postero-superior quadrant

second is posteroinferior

Question 5

what is at risk with screw placement in the anterior superior quadrant?

Answer 5

external iliac artery and vein

Question 6

what is at risk with screw placement in the anteroinferior quadrant?

Answer 6

obturator nerve, artery and vein

Question 7

hips with developmental hip dysplasia commonly display what femoral anatomy change?

Answer 7

increased anteversion

Question 8

hips with old SCFE commonly display what femoral anatomy change?

Answer 8

femoral retroversion

Question 9

iliofemoral ligament is _____ in extension and functions to prevent what?

Answer 9

tight in full extension, functions to prevent anterior hip dislocation

Question 10

during hip surgery, excessive and prolonged internal rotation of the hip can cause what?

Answer 10

prolonged tension to the glute max causing a compressive neuropathy to the sciatic nerve under the glute max tendon

Question 11

main blood supply to the hip from birth to age 4

Answer 11

1. medial and lateral femoral circumflex aa (from profunda femoris a)
2. largey contribution from the artery of the ligamentum teres

Question 12

main blood supply to the femoral head from age 4 to adulthood

Answer 12

posterosuperior and posteroinferior retinacular aa from the medial femoral circumflex a.

Question 13

main blood supply to the femoral head in adulthood

Answer 13

medial femoral circumflex a, lateral epiphyseal aa

Question 14

where does the common iliac bifurcate?

Answer 14

at the level of the l5-s1 disc

Question 15

what can cause injury to the external iliac a and vein in hip replacement?

Answer 15

retractor placement too far over anterior superior acetabular margin

Question 16

what is the only mm that functions above the knee that is innervated by the peroneal division of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 16

short head of the biceps femoris