Chapter 4.2

Question 1

low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness

Answer 1

Sleep

Question 2

sleep-deprived individual will tend to take a shorter time to fall asleep during subsequent opportunities for sleep

Answer 2

Sleep rebound

Question 3

How is sleep characterized?

Answer 3

By certain patterns of activity of the brain that can be visualized using EEG

Question 4

How are sleep-wake cycles controlled?

Answer 4

hypothalamus - The SCN
thalamus - regulates slow-wave sleep
pons - important for regulating REM sleep

Question 5

Which hormones regulate sleep and how?

Answer 5

melatonin - regulates various biological rhythms and the immune system
FSH & LH - regulates the reproductive system
growth hormone - plays a role in physical growth and maturation

Question 6

Which type of psychology is used as a hypothesis of sleep?

Answer 6

Evolutionary psychology

Question 7

What are hypothesis used to explain sleep

Answer 7

sleep is essential to restore resources
sleep patterns evolved as an adaptive response
different species have evolved different patterns of sleep in response to their unique evolutionary pressures

Question 8

Why is sleep important for cognitive function?

Answer 8

Sleep deprivation can result in disruptions in cognition and memory deficits. Slow-wave sleep after learning a new task can improve resultant performance

Question 9

What are cognitive benefits of sleep?

Answer 9

Increased capacities for creative thinking, language learning and inferential judgements.