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(HS) Science 10 > Chapter 4.1 - Atomic Theory & Bonding > Flashcards

Chapter 4.1 - Atomic Theory & Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

What are atoms?

A

The smallest particle of any element

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2
Q

What are subatomic particles?

A

The particles that make up an atom

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3
Q

What is nuclear charge?

A

The electric charge on the nucleus

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4
Q

What are the 3 subatomic particles?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

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5
Q

How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

A

Atomic mass - number of protons = number of neutrons

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6
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

The number of protons

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7
Q

What are Bohr diagrams?

A

Diagrams that show the arrangement of subatomic particles

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8
Q

What is a stable octet?

A

When an atom’s or ion’s second shell is full

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9
Q

What is a valence shell?

A

The outermost shell

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10
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

The electrons in the outermost shell

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11
Q

What is a lone pair?

A

A pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom

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12
Q

What is an ionic compound?

A

A compound that contains a positive ion (metal) and a negative ion (non-metal)

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13
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

The complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms

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14
Q

What is a cation?

A

Forms when a metal atom loses electrons

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15
Q

What is a multivalent metal?

A

A metal with more than one ion charge

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16
Q

What is an anion?

A

Forms when non-metal atoms gain electrons

17
Q

What is a covalent compound?

A

Compound that contains 2 or more non-metals

18
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons

19
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

20
Q

What are Lewis diagrams?

A

Diagrams that illustrate chemical bonding by showing only an atom’s valence electrons and its chemical symbol

21
Q

Name the letters:

A

A: Atomic number

B: Ion charges

C: Chemical symbol

D: Element name

E: Atomic mass

22
Q

Practice: What element is this?

A

Fluorine

23
Q

Practice: What element is this?

A

Nitrogen

24
Q

Practice: What element is this?

A

Argon

25
Q

Practice: Fill in the blanks.

Element | Atomic # | Ion Charge | Protons | Neutrons | Electrons

Potassium 19 +1 _____ _____ _____

Nitrogen _____ -3 _____ _____ 10

A

19 18 20

7 7 10

26
Q

Practice: Fill in the blanks.

Element | Atomic # | Ion Charge | Protons | Neutrons | Electrons

_____ 48 +2 _____ _____ _____

Zirconium _____ -3 _____ _____ _____

A

Cadmium 48 46 64

40 40 43 51

(HS) Science 10 (1 decks)

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