Chapter 4.1

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

a group of genetically similar living organisms that are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 2

Autotrophs

Answer 2

Organisms that are capable of making their own complex organic molecules from carbon dioxide and other simple compounds

Question 3

Heterotrophs

Answer 3

Organisms that obtain their organic compounds through feeding on other organisms

Question 4

Mixotrophs

Answer 4

Organisms which use both autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition

Question 5

Consumers

Answer 5

Organisms that gain nutrients by feeding on other organisms using ingestion or absorption

Question 6

Detritivores

Answer 6

Organisms that gain nutrients by feeding on dead organic material and breaking it into smaller organic molecules.

Question 7

Saprotrophs

Answer 7

Organisms that get their nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment to break down organic debris around them.

Question 8

Mutualism: definition + example

Answer 8

A type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit. The relationship between spider crabs and algae. The algae live on the crabs’ backs. In this way, predators cannot see the crabs because they blend in with their environment through camouflage. The benefit for the algae is that they get a place to live, so both organisms help each other

Question 9

Commensalism

Answer 9

A type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected.

Question 10

Parasitism

Answer 10

A type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed.