Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards
Age structure
A population divided into groups by age. Sometimes the groups represent the actual number of each age in population; sometimes the groups represent the percentage or proportion of the population of each age.
Birth Rate
The rate at which births occur in a population, measures either as the number of individuals born per unit of time or as the percentage of births per unit of time compares with the total population.
Death rate
The rate at which deaths occurred in a population, measured either as the number of individuals dying per unit of time or as the percentage of a population dying per units of time.
Demographic Transition
The pattern of change in birth and death rates as a country is transformed from undeveloped to developed.
Growth rate
The net increase in some factor per unit.
Carrying Capacity
The maximum abundance of a population or species that can be maintained by a habitat or ecosystem without degrading the ability of that habitat or ecosystem to maintain that abundance in the future.
Logistic Carrying Capacity
The population size at which births equal death and there is no net change in the population.
Logistic growth curve
The S-shaped growth curve that is generated by the logistic growth equation. A small population grows rapidly, growth rates slow down, population reaches a constant size.
Zero Population Growth
A population in which the number of births equals the number of deaths so that there is no net change in the size of the population.
Total Fertility Rate
(TFR) Average number of children expected to be born to a woman during her lifetime.
Family Planning
The practice of controlling the number of children in a family and the intervals between their births, particularly by means of artificial contraception or voluntary sterilization.
Exponential Growth
Growth in which the rate of increase is a constant percentage of the current size, the growth occurs at a constant rate per time period.
Immigration
The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.
Emigration
The act of leaving ones resident country with the intent to settle elsewhere.
