Chapter 4: Tissues Flashcards
What are the 4 types of tissues?
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscle
- Nervous
Simple Squamous epithelial
single layer, flattened cells
air sacs of lungs, lining of ventral body cavity
Simple Cuboidal epithelial
single layer, cubelike
kidney tubes, ovary surface
Simple Columnar epithelial
single layer, tall cells digestive tract (stomach, rectum), gallbladder,
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
single layer, different heights
male sperm carrying ducts, trachea
Stratified squamous epithelium
many layers, flat cells
esophagus, mouth, vagina
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
many layers, cube like
sweat glands, mammary glands
Stratified columnar epithelium
many layers, elongated
male urethra
Transitional Epithelium
can be stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal, stretches
ureterus, bladder
What are the main classes of connective tissue?
C- Connective tissue proper
C- Cartilage
B- Bone tissue
B- Blood
Connective tissue proper
- Loose connective tissue
- -Areolar
- -Adipose
- -Reticular - Dense connective tissue
- -Regular
- -Irregular
- -Elastic
Carilage
- Hyaline cartilage
- Elastic cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
Bone tissue
- Compact bone
2. Spongy bone
Areolar Connective Tissue (Loose)
Underlies almost all of the epithelia and surrounds almost all the small nerves and blood vessels
Gel-like matrix, wraps and cushions organs
1. Supports and binds tissues
2. Holds body fluids
3. Defends against infections
4. Stores nutrients as fats
Adipose Connective tissue (Loose)
crowded with fat cells, occur mostly in the hypodermis
Matrix is the same as areolar but very sparse
Provides reserve food fuel, insulates, supports and protects organs
Around kidneys, eyeballs. breasts
Reticular Connective tissue (Loose)
Network of reticular fibers
Supports other cell types like white blood cells
Lymphoid organs
Irregular Connective tissue (Dense)
Irregularly arranged collagen fibers
can withstand tension in many directions
fibrorus layer in joints
Regular Connective tissue (Dense)
Parallel collagen fibers, major cell type is fibroblast
attaches muscles to bones and muscles
tendons, ligaments
Elastic Connective tissues (Dense)
containing high proportion of elastic fibers
can be stretched and returns to normal shape
walls of large arteries
Hyaline Cartilage
firm matrix, collagen fibers
covers the ends of long bones in joints, in ribs, nose, trachea and larynx
Elastic Cartilage
similar to hyaline, but more elastic fibers in matrix
EAR
Fibrocartilage Cartilage
matrix similar to hyaline but less firm
intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, discs of knee joint
Osseous Bone Tissue
hard, calcified matrix with many collagen fibers
in the bones
Blood Connective Tissue
red and white blood cells
in the blood vessels
Skeletal Muscle
In skeletal muscles attached to bones
Cardiac Muscle
in the walls of the heart
Smooth Muscle
In the walls of hollow organs
Nervous Tissue
Neurons are branching cells to transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors
brain, spinal cord, nerves
