Chapter 4- Tissues Flashcards
Epithelial tissue
Protects the body by covering internal and external surfaces
Connective Tissue
Includes cells whose matrix supports and connects organs
Matrix
Intercellular material
Muscular Tissue
Provides movement and produces body heat
Nervous Tissue
reacts to stimuli and conducts messages
Mucous membranes
aka mucosa, include respiratory mucosa, gastric mucosa, and intestinal mucosa.
Serous membranes
pleural (lining thoracic cavity), pericardial (lining heart cavity), and peritoneal (lining abdominal cavity)
Cutaneous membranes
related to the skin
Connective membranes
made of two layers of connective tissue
Synovial membrane
a type of connective membrane that lines the join cavities
Squamous cells
Flat, irregularly shaped cells that line the heart, blood and lymphatic vessels, body cavities, and alveoli of the lungs. Also on outer skin layer.
Cuboidal cells
line the kidney tubules and cover the ovaries and secretory parts of certain glands
Columnar cells
line the ducts, digestive tracts, parts of the respiratory tract, and glands
Endocrine gland cells
Epithelial cells that form ductless glands that secrete their substances directly into the bloodstream. (Ex: thyroid)
Exocrine gland cells
Epithelial cells that secrete their substances into ducts (Ex: sweat glands)
Cardiac muscle
striated, involuntary. Makes up the walls of the heart
Skeletal muscle
striated, voluntary. Attaches to the skeleton
smooth muscle
non-striated, involuntary. Makes up the walls of the digestive tract, genitourinary tract, respiratory tracts, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.
Neurons
Have the ability to react to stimuli. Found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Irritability
the ability to respond
conductivity
ability to carry a nerve impulse
fibrocartilage
strong, flexible, supportive substance found between bones and wherever great strength is needed
Lymph
consists of water, glucose, protein, fats, and salt. Transports tissue fluid, proteins, fats, and other materials from the tissues to the circulatory system through the lymphatic vessels.
Areolar
Loose connective tissue that surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels that transport nutrients to cells and waste out of cells. Temporarily stores glucose, salts, and water. Found in epidermis of skin and in the subcutaneous layer.
Adipose
Stores lipid, acts as filler, cushions, supports, insulates. Found almost everywhere
Vascular
Liquid blood tissue. Transports nutrients and oxygen to cells, and metabolic wastes away from cells. Contains cells that function in body defense and blood clotting.
Dense fibrous tissue
Forms ligaments, tendons, aponeuroses, and fasciae. Aka white fibrous tissues. Made from dense white collagen fibers. Flexible, not elastic. poor blood supply, heals slowly.
Hyaline
Forms the skeleton of the embryo. Found on articular bone surfaces, nose tip, bronchi, bronchial tubes, in the larynx and in the rings of the trachea
supportive bone tissue
makes skeleton and is the attachment point for skeletal muscles.
Elastic cartilage
Firm, flexible. Inside auditory ear tube, external ear, epiglottis, and larynx.
Vitamin A
Helpful in replacement of epithelial tissues
Vitamin B
Promote well-being
Primary repair
takes place in a clean wound
secondary repair
required in deeper and larger wounds. Heals by granulation
Vitamin C
important for the normal production of collagen and repair of connective tissue
Vit D
for healing bones. enhances calcium absorption from food.
Vit E
promotes healing by action as an antioxidant protector
Vit K
aids in blood clotting and helps to prevent excessive blood loss
Ligaments
link bone to bone
tendons
link muscle to bone
aponeuroses
hold one muscle to the other
fasciae
wrap around muscle
