Chapter 4 - The October/November 1917 revolution Flashcards

1
Q

What was the role of Lenin in the October/November 1917 revolution and the establishment of power?

A
  • recognised urgency and critical moment to seize power
  • lead Central Committee to agree to executing the revolution
  • proposed plan for swift, strategic takeover
  • elected chairman of People’s commissar –> radical reforms
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2
Q

What was the role of Trotsky in the October/November 1917 revolution and the establishment of power?

A
  • organised revolution with Lenin
  • Led Military Revolutionary Committee –> planned overthrow of PG, encouraged action
    -always at Smolny institute (revolution HQ)
  • credited with practical execution e.g. occupying railway stations
  • 2nd only to Lenin
  • mobilised troops, inspired crowds etc.
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3
Q

What was the role of Stalin in the October/November 1917 revolution and the establishment of power?

A
  • Helped found MRC
  • Elected as people’s commissar for nationalities –> power of 65 million non-Russians (Ukranians, Russians etc) –> had to keep them happy –> initially promised freedom, advocated for voluntary alliance
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4
Q

What was the role of Lev Kamenev in the October/November 1917 revolution and the establishment of power?

A
  • Plotted against PG with Lenin and Zinoviev
  • led opposition of Lenin’s call for revolution (said wrong time, wrong method)
  • part of central committee
  • forced to come around in the end but was a hinderance for quite a while
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5
Q

What was the role of Gregory Zinoviev in the October/November 1917 revolution and the establishment of power?

A
  • plotted against the PG
  • published ideal plan for marxist revolution
  • Editor of Pravda
  • Fled after July Days
  • part of central committee –> oppossed Lenin’s proposal with Kamenev
  • helped establish initial Bolshevik principles for revolution
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6
Q

What was the role of Felix Dzerzhinsky in the October/November 1917 revolution and the establishment of power?

A
  • appointed by Lenin as Commissar for internal affairs
  • member of MRC
  • Chairman of extraordinary commission for combating counter-revolution and sabotage (The Cheka) –> organised and maintained it –> ensured no one tried to destabilise the Bolsheviks whilst consolidating their power
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7
Q

Which key Decrees did the Lenin and the Bolsheviks pass through Sovnarkom in October 1917?

A
  • Decree on Land –> legitimised peasant land seizures
  • Decree -on Press –> Banned opposition press
  • Decree on Unemployment Insurance –> old age, health, unemployment benefits
  • Decree on work –> maximum 8 hour work days
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8
Q

Which key Decrees did the Lenin and the Bolsheviks pass through Sovnarkom in November 1917?

A
  • Decree on workers Control –> gave workers right to ‘supervise management’
  • Decree on titles –> Rights of the people of Russia decree abolished titles and class ranks
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9
Q

Which key Decrees did the Lenin and the Bolsheviks pass through Sovnarkom in December 1917?

A
  • Decree on marriage –> gave women right to initiate divorce, removed marriage and divorce from the church
  • Decree on political parties –> banned other parties
  • Decree on Banking –> nationalised banks, ended private flow if capital
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10
Q

How many people did Trotsky claim had taken part in the October/November revolution revolution in Petrograd?

A

25,000 to 30,000 at most.

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11
Q

What did Sovnarkom think during and immediately after the revolution?

A
  • Mensheviks didn’t think it would last in the long term
  • left-wing SRs congratulated Lenin
  • right accussed him of stealing power illegally through violence
    -500/670 delegates voted in favour of a socialist government
  • a majority of the seats fro the Soviet of People’s Commissars went to the Bolsheviks and left-wing SR’s –> Mensheviks and right-wing SRs walked out of Congress
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12
Q

What were some of the causes of the October/November 1917 Revolution? (In order of priority)

A

The role of Lenin
The role of Trosty
The Kornilov Affair
The failure of the PG
Defeat in WW1

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