Chapter 4 - The Modern Era

Question 1

Antique Cymbals

Answer 1

finger cymbals

Question 2

Arch Form

Answer 2

a sectional structure where repetition is reversed (ex. ABCBA); gives symmetry

Question 3

Atonality

Answer 3

the total absence of any tonal centre or key

Question 4

Ballet

Answer 4

a highly stylized type of dance which often tells a story

Question 5

Berceuse

Answer 5

French lullaby

Question 6

Cha Cha

Answer 6

a popular Cuban dance of the 1950’s that came from the mambo

Question 7

Changing Meter

Answer 7

the changes of time signature

Question 8

Choreography

Answer 8

the art of designing the dance steps and movements in a ballet/musical

Question 9

Expanded Tonality

Answer 9

the use of extremely chromatic harmony within a key

Question 10

Expressionism

Answer 10

a technique in music and art that used exaggeration, distortion, and even the grotesque

Question 11

Flutter Tongue

Answer 11

a technique of playing a wind instrument as if rolling an “r” that makes a fluctuating pitch

Question 12

Folk Song

Answer 12

songs of unknown authorship that are passed down through oral tradition instead of being written down

Question 13

Habeñera

Answer 13

a Spanish dance

Question 14

Hemiola

Answer 14

grouping notes in threes, then in twos, or vice versa

Question 15

Impressionism

Answer 15

a technique in music and art which explored light, contour, and sound

Question 16

Impressionism in Music

Answer 16

a style in which pulse is obscured, harmony is expanded, and new orchestral sounds are used

Question 17

Glissando

Answer 17

a sweep across all the tones (ex. on a piano or harp)

Question 18

Mambo

Answer 18

an Afro-Cuban dance from the 1940s and 50s in 4/4 time with rhythmic ostinatos

Question 19

Modal Scales

Answer 19

use of scales (modes) in which the pattern of whole steps and half steps is different from conventional major and minor scales (ex. Dorian, Lydian, Mixolydian)

Question 20

Musical

Answer 20

an American genre; a play with spoken dialogue but featuring songs, dances, and choruses with staging (sets, costumes, lighting)

Question 21

Petrushka Chord

Answer 21

a dissonant polychord consisting of a C major and F-sharp major arpeggio played together used by Stravinsky in his ballet Petrushka

Question 22

Polytonality

Answer 22

the simultaneous use of two or more keys

Question 23

Senza Misura

Answer 23

meaning “without measure;” played freely, not in strict time

Question 24

Symbolism

Answer 24

a literary technique where an object or person represents a theme, emotion, or concept

Question 25

Symphonic Poem

Answer 25

a single movement work for orchestra with literary or picture associations

Question 26

Tritone

Answer 26

an augmented fourth or diminished fifth

Question 27

Twelve-tone Method

Answer 27

tonal music based on an arrangement of all twelve chromatic notes

Question 28

Verse-chorus Structure

Answer 28

a common song structure in popular music that uses verses to develop the character or storyline and choruses to serve as musical interest