Chapter 4 Study Guide Flashcards
the smallest particle of an element
atom
the negatively charged particles
electrons
a tiny region in the center of an atom
nucleus
positively charged particles in an atom’s nucleus
protons
the specific amount of energy it has
energy level
a new particle that has no electric charge
neutron
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number
atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
isotopes
the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
mass number
the average mass of all the isotopes of an element
atomic mass
an arrangement of elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties
periodic table
the periodic table is organized in horizontal rows called ____
periods
the vertical columns of the periodic table
groups
a representation of an element usually consisting of one or two letters
chemical symbol
elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat
metals
one that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets or other shapes
malleable
one that can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire
ductile
the ability of an object to transfer heat
thermal conductivity
the ability of an object to transfer electric current
electrical conductivity
the ease and speed with which a substance reacts with other substances
reactivity
the gradual wearing away of a metal due to a chemical reaction
corrosion
the metals in Group 1, from lithium to francium
alkali metals
the metals in Group 2, from beryllium to radium
alkaline earth metals
the elements in groups 3-12
transition metals
