CHAPTER 4: Renal Function Flashcards
The type of nephron responsible for renal concentration is the:
A. Cortical
B. Juxtaglomerular
C. Efferent
D. Afferent
B. Juxtaglomerular
The function of the peritubular capillaries is:
A. Reabsorption
B. Filtration
C. Secretion
D. Both A and C
D. Both A and C
Blood flows through the nephron in the following order:
A. Efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta,
afferent arteriole
B. Peritubular capillaries, afferent arteriole, vasa recta, efferent arteriole
C. Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta
D. Efferent arteriole, vasa recta, peritubular capillaries, afferent arteriole
C. Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta
Filtration of protein is prevented in the glomerulus by:
A. Hydrostatic pressure
B. Oncotic pressure
C. Renin
D. The glomerular filtration barrier
D. The glomerular filtration barrier
The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is responsible for all of the following except:
A. Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
B. Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole
C. Reabsorbing sodium
D. Releasing aldosterone
A. Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
The primary chemical affected by the renin–angiotensin– aldosterone system is:
A. Chloride
B. Sodium
C. Potassium
D. Hydrogen
B. Sodium
Secretion of renin is stimulated by:
A. Juxtaglomerular cells
B. Angiotensin I and II
C. Macula densa cells
D. Circulating angiotensin-converting enzyme
C. Macula densa cells
The hormone aldosterone is responsible for:
A. Hydrogen ion secretion
B. Potassium secretion
C. Chloride retention
D. Sodium retention
D. Sodium retention
The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of:
A. 1.005
B. 1.010
C. 1.015
D. 1.020
B. 1.010
For active transport to occur, a chemical must:
A. Combine with a carrier protein to create
electrochemical energy
B. Be filtered through the proximal convoluted tubule
C. Be in higher concentration in the filtrate than in the blood
D. Be in higher concentration in the blood than in the filtrate
A. Combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy
Which of the tubules is impermeable to water?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Descending loop of Henle
C. Ascending loop of Henle
D. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Ascending loop of Henle
Glucose will appear in the urine when the:
A. Blood level of glucose is 200 mg/dL
B. Tm for glucose is reached
C. Renal threshold for glucose is exceeded
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Concentration of the tubular filtrate by the countercurrent mechanism depends on all of the following except:
A. High salt concentration in the medulla
B. Water-impermeable walls of the ascending loop of Henle
C. Reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the ascending loop of Henle
D. Reabsorption of water in the descending loop of Henle
D. Reabsorption of water in the descending loop of Henle
ADH regulates the final urine concentration by
controlling:
A. Active reabsorption of sodium
B. Tubular permeability
C. Passive reabsorption of urea
D. Passive reabsorption of chloride
B. Tubular permeability
Decreased production of ADH:
A. Produces a low volume of urine
B. Produces a high volume of urine
C. Increases excretion of ammonia
D. Affects active transport of sodium
B. Produces a high volume of urine