Chapter 4, Prepositions

Question 1

What is a preposition?

Answer 1

pg. 43, “A preposition is a word (or phrase) in front of a noun (or pronoun) to indicate how it fits into the rest of the sentence.”

Question 2

What is the key to understanding prepositions in Greek?

Answer 2

pg. 43., “The key to prepositions in Greek is that they determine the case of the noun that comes after them (the word they govern).”

Question 3

What are the ten prepositions that take on one case?

Answer 3

εἰς — +acc. — to, into
προς — +acc. — to, towards

ἀπο — +gen. — (away) from
ἐκ — +gen. — (out) from
ἐνωπιοω — +gen. — before (place) — ἐνοπιον του θεου— before God.
ἐξω — +gen. — outside — ἐξω της οἰκιας — outside the house
ἑως — +gen. — until — ἑως του σαββατου — until the sabbath
προ — +gen. — before (time) — προ σαββατου — before Sabbath

ἐν — +dat. —in
συν — +dat. — with συν αὐτοις — with them

Question 4

What are the two prepositions that take three cases?

Answer 4

παρα

ἐπι

Question 5

What are the six prepositions that take two cases?

Answer 5

δια
κατα
μετα
περι
ὑπερ
ὑπο

Question 6

What are the three rules for elision in prepositions?

Answer 6

In front of a word beginning with a vowel:

1. ἀπο, δια, ἐπι, κατα, μετα, παρα, and ὑπο drop their final vowel
2. ἐξω, περι, and προ remain unchanged
3. ἐκ becomes ἐξ

δι᾽ αὐτου — through him
περι ἁμαρτιας — concerning sin
ἐξ οἰκας — from a house