Chapter 4 Practice Questions

Question 1

What of the following isn’t an example of a physiological factor?

Answer 1

Stress in the workplace

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not true about the biological approach?

Answer 2

Often behaviours can be described by a single biological factor.

Question 3

Biologists argue that when genes interact with the environment, they are “turned on” or “turned off.” This process is known as

Answer 3

Gene expression

Question 4

Which of the following is not a reason for carrying out research on animals?

Answer 4

Researchers are not bound to ethical considerations like they are in human research.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a case study?

Answer 5

They can be replicated in order to establish reliability

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of triangulation?

Answer 6

Having more than one researcher observe an individual and gather data.

Question 7

To what extent is it possible to generalize from a single case study?

Answer 7

A single case study must be compared to other similar case studies to identify a trend.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a conclusion that we can draw from the HM study?

Answer 8

Memory is stored in the hippocampus.

Question 9

Which brain imaging technique could be considered invasive?

Answer 9

PET scan

Question 10

Which of the following is true about the use of brain imaging techniques in the study of brain?

Answer 10

The emotional state of an individual being scanned can interfere with the quality of the data collected.

Question 11

What is a key difference between and MRI and an fMRI?

Answer 11

MRI’s show the structure of the brain; fMRIs show the functioning brain.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of localization of function?

Answer 12

The hippocampus transfers information from short-term memory to long-term memory.

Question 13

Which lobe is responsible for processing visual information?

Answer 13

Occipital lobe

Question 14

Which of the following might be a symptom of damage to the frontal lobe?

Answer 14

Inability to predict an outcome or solve a problem.

Question 15

If there was damage to the amygdala, which symptom might we observe?

Answer 15

Inability to form emotional memories

Question 16

Which part of the neuron is most affected by learning?

Answer 16

The dendrites

Question 17

Which of the following is not true of Rosenzweig, Bennett & Diamond’s (1972) study?

Answer 17

The experiment was able to control for extraneous (confounding) variables.

Question 18

According to Carrion (2009), what effect can stress in the environment have on the brain of children?

Answer 18

Cognitive impairment caused by a smaller hippocampus.

Question 19

What research method did Maguire use for her study of brain plasticity in taxi drivers?

Answer 19

A quasi experiment using a single blind control.

Question 20

What happens to the neurotransmitters after they are released into the synapse?

Answer 20

They are broken down by enzymes or reabsorbed by the terminal buttons.

Question 21

Which neurotransmitters are involved in falling in love?

Answer 21

Serotonin, Dopamine, and Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)

Question 22

Research by Rogers & Kesner supported the theory that acetylcholine plays a role in

Answer 22

The transfer of memory from short-term memory to long-term memory

Question 23

What was the control condition in the study by Rogers and Kesner?

Answer 23

The injection with a saline solution.

Question 24

Which of the following is not a key difference between neurotransmitters and hormones?

Answer 24

Hormones are produced and released in the brain.

Question 25

Looking at the list of hormones, which one do you think is most likely to be linked to post-traumatic stress disorder?

Answer 25

Neuropeptide Y

Question 26

Which of the following is a function of adrenaline?

Answer 26

The creation of emotional memories

Question 27

What was the role of the beta-blocker in McGaugh & Cahill’s (1995) study?

Answer 27

It inhibited the release of adrenaline and prevented the creation of emotional memories

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true about human pheromones?

Answer 28

There are no known human pheromones.

Question 29

What is the key limitation of the study by Mcclintock on the role of pheromones on women’s menstrual cycles?

Answer 29

The study has never been replicated.

Question 30

Which of the following is true about Zhou’s study on signalling pheromones in humans?

Answer 30

There may be low construct validity - it is not clear that sexual behavior is actually being measured.

Question 31

Which of the following makes the existence of human pheromones less likely?

Answer 31

Many body odours are the result of bacteria, not of human secretions. One’s sense of smell is highly influenced by culture. The human sense of smell is very complex with a lot of genetic variation. (All of the above).

Question 32

Which of the following variables could have an effect on the results of the study by Caspi et al?

Answer 32

All of the above

Question 33

What is Raison & Miller’s theory about the role of depression in human behaviour?

Answer 33

Depression causes us to withdraw away from harmful pathogens in the environment when our immune system is weakened.

Question 34

It is not possible to know the behaviours of our ancient ancestors to determine if the behaviour is actually passed down.

Answer 34

There is no evidence that depression may be genetic.