Chapter 4 : Playing actions Flashcards
What is ball out of play
The ball is out of play at the moment of the fault which is whistled by one of the referees; in the absence of a fault, at the moment of the whistle.
What is ball in play
The ball is in play from the moment of the hit of the service authorized by the 1st referee.
Ball in
The ball is “in” when it touches the floor of the playing court including the boundary lines.
5 situations of Ball out
The ball is “out” when:
- the part of the ball which contacts the floor is completely outside the boundary lines;
- it touches an object outside the court, the ceiling or a person out of play;
- it touches the antennae, ropes, posts or the net itself outside the side bands;
- it crosses the vertical plane of the net either partially or totally outside the crossing space, except in the case of Rule 10.1.2;
- it crosses completely the lower space under the net.
Charafteristics of the hit
- The ball may touch any part of the body.
- The ball must not be caught and/or thrown. It can rebound in any direction.
- The ball may touch various parts of the body, provided that the contacts take place simultaneously.
Exceptions:
a) at blocking, consecutive contacts may be made by one or more player(s), provided that the contacts occur during one action;
b) at the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively, provided that the contacts occur during one action.
Faut un playing the ball
FOUR HITS: a team hits the ball four times before returning it.
ASSISTED HIT: a player takes support from a team-mate or any structure/ object in order to hit the ball within the playing area.
CATCH: the ball is caught and/or thrown; it does not rebound from the hit.
DOUBLE CONTACT: a player hits the ball twice in succession or the ball contacts various parts of his/her body in succession.
The crossing space is the part of the vertical plane of the net limited as follows:
- below, by the top of the net;
- at the sides, by the antennae, and their imaginary extension;
- above, by the ceiling.
PLAYER’S FAULTS AT THE NET
- A player touches the ball or an opponent in the opponent’s space before or during the opponent’s attack hit.
- A player interferes with the opponent’s play while penetrating into the opponent’s space under the net.
- player’s foot (feet) penetrates completely into the opponent’s court.
- A player interferes with the opponent’s play by (amongst others):
a) touching the top band of the net or the top 80 cm of the antenna during his/her action of playing the ball, or
b)taking support from the net simultaneously with playing the ball, or
c) creating an advantage over the opponent by touching the net, or
d) making actions which hinder an opponent’s legitimate attempt to play the ball.
Service
The service is the act of putting the ball into play, by the back-right player, placed in the service zone.
Screening
A player or a group of players of the serving team make(s) a screen by waving arms, jumping or moving sideways during the execution of the service, or by standing grouped to hide the server and the flight path of the ball.
Fault made during the service
Serving faults.
The following faults lead to a change of service even if the opponent is out of position. The server:
- violates the service order,
- does not execute the service properly.
Faults after the service hit.
After the ball has been correctly hit, the service becomes a fault (unless a player is out of position) if the ball:
- touches a player of the serving team or fails to cross the vertical plane of the net completely through the crossing space;
- goes “out”;
- passes over a screen.
Characteristcs af the attack hit
All actions which direct the ball towards the opponent, with the exception of service and block, are considered as attack hits.
During an attack hit, tipping is permitted only if the ball is cleanly hit, and not caught or thrown.
An attack hit is completed at the moment the ball completely crosses the vertical plane of the net or is touched by an opponent.
6 faults of the attack hit
- A player hits the ball within the playing space of the opposing team.
- A player hits the ball “out”.
- A back-row player completes an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
- A player completes an attack hit on the opponent’s service, when the ball is in the front zone and entirely higher than the top of the net.
- A Libero completes an attack hit if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
- A player completes an attack hit from higher than the top of the net when the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in his/ her front zone.
Blocking
Blocking is the action of players close to the net to intercept the ball coming from the opponent by reaching higher than the top of the net, regardless of the height of the ball contact. Only front-row players are permitted to complete a block, but at the moment of the contact with the ball, a part of the body must be higher than the top of the net.
Block attempt
A block attempt is the action of blocking without touching the ball.
Completed block
A block is completed whenever the ball is touched by a blocker.
Collective block
A collective block is executed by two or three players close to each other and is completed when one of them touches the ball.
6 Blocking faults
- The blocker touches the ball in the OPPONENT’S space either before or simultaneously with the opponent’s attack hit.
- A back-row player or a Libero completes a block or participates in a completed block.
- Blocking the opponent’s service.
- The ball is sent “out” off the block.
- Blocking the ball in the opponent’s space from outside the antenna.
- A Libero attempts an individual or collective block.
