Chapter 4 - People and Places

Question 0

A group that shares a geographic region, a common language, and a sense of identity and culture.

Answer 0

Society

Question 1

The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by members of a group.

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

A group of people who share language, customs, and a common heritage.

Answer 2

Ethnic Group

Question 3

Taking existing elements of society and creating something new to meet a need.

Answer 3

Innovation

Question 4

The spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior to different societies.

Answer 4

Diffusion

Question 5

The heartland or place of origin of a major culture; a site of innovation from which basic ideas, materials, and technology diffuse to other cultures.

Answer 5

Cultural Hearth

Question 6

The cultural change that occurs when individuals in a society accept or adopt an innovation.

Answer 6

Acculturation

Question 7

A version of a language that reflects changes in speech patterns due to class, region, or cultural changes.

Answer 7

Dialect

Question 8

The belief in a supernatural power or powers that are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe, as well as the system of beliefs itself.

Answer 8

Religion

Question 9

The number of live births per total population, often expressed per thousand population.

Answer 9

Birthrate

Question 10

The average number of children a woman of childbearing years would have in her lifetime, if she had children at the current rate for her country.

Answer 10

Fertility Rate

Question 11

The number of deaths per thousand.

Answer 11

Mortality Rate

Question 12

The number of deaths among infants under age one as measured per thousand live births.

Answer 12

Infant Mortality Rate

Question 13

Also called the population growth rate - the rate at which population is growing, found by subtracting the mortality rate from the birthrate.

Answer 13

Rate of Natural Increase

Question 14

A graphic device that shows gender and age distribution of a population.

Answer 14

Population Pyramid

Question 15

A factor that causes people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region.

Answer 15

Push Factor

Question 16

A factor that draws or attracts people to another location.

Answer 16

Pull Factor

Question 17

The average number of people who live in a measurable area, reached by dividing the number of inhabitants in an area by the amount of land they occupy.

Answer 17

Population Density

Question 18

The number of organisms a piece of land can support without negative effects.

Answer 18

Carrying Capacity

Question 19

A political term describing an independent unit that occupies a specific territory and has full control of its internal and external affairs.

Answer 19

State

Question 20

A group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity.

Answer 20

Nation

Question 21

The name of a territory when a nation and a state occupy the same territory.

Answer 21

Nation-State

Question 22

A type of government in which citizens hold political power either directly or through elected representatives.

Answer 22

Democracy

Question 23

A type of government in which a ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share the power with citizen bodies.

Answer 23

Monarchy

Question 24

A type of government in which an individual or a group holds complete political power.

Answer 24

Dictatorship

Question 25

A system in which the government holds nearly all political power and the and the means of production.

Answer 25

Communism

Question 26

Having no outlet to the sea.

Answer 26

Landlocked

Question 27

The study of how people use space in cities.

Answer 27

Urban Geography

Question 28

An area that is the center of business and culture and has a large population.

Answer 28

City

Question 29

A political unit or community touching the borders of the central city or touching other suburbs that touch the city.

Answer 29

Suburb

Question 30

A functional area including a city and its surrounding suburbs and exurbs, linked economically.

Answer 30

Metropolitan Area

Question 31

The dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result.

Answer 31

Urbanization

Question 32

The core of a city, which is almost always based on commercial activity.

Answer 32

Central Business District (CBD)

Question 33

The production and exchange of goods and services among a group of people.

Answer 33

Economy

Question 34

The way people produce and exchange goods.

Answer 34

Economic System

Question 35

A type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by a central government, which usually owns the means of economy. Also called a planned economy.

Answer 35

Command Economy

Question 36

A type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by the demand from consumers. Also called a demand economy or capitalism.

Answer 36

Market Economy

Question 37

A material on or in the Earth, such as a tree, fish, or coal, that has economic value.

Answer 37

Natural Resource

Question 38

The basic support systems needed to keep an economy going, including power, communications, transportation, water, sanitation, and education systems.

Answer 38

Infrastructure

Question 39

The average amount of money earned by each person in a political unit.

Answer 39

Per Capita Income

Question 40

The total value of all goods and services produced by a country in a period of time.

Answer 40

Gross National Product (GNP)

Question 41

The value of only goods and services produced within a country in a period of time.

Answer 41

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)