Chapter 4 - Parts of a cell

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Organelle with two membranes that holds a eukaryotic cells DNA

Question 2

Nucleolus

Answer 2

Not membrane bound. Largely RNA and some DNA and protein in the nucleus that produces units of RNA which combines in the cytoplasm to for ribosomes

Question 3

Nuclear envelope

Answer 3

Surrounds chromosomes and DNA. Porous membrane of the nucleus separating it from the cytoplasm. Regulates passage of molecules

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

Semi fluid substance in all cells enclosed by a cells plasma membrane including all organelles and liquid part. Lots of chem rx. Jelly like.

Question 5

Vacuole

Answer 5

A fluid filled organelle that isolates or disposes of waste, debris, or toxic materials. Large storage place for water. Membrane lined. Central vacuole in cells

Question 6

Chloroplast

Answer 6

Organelle of photosynthesis in the cell of plants and Protista and algae. 6CO2+6H2O~~~>C6H12O6+6O2
Has a membrane but is not a part of the endomembrane system

Question 7

Cell Wall

Answer 7

Protects and structurally supports plant cells. Rigid-has spaces/pores. Made of cellulose. Made of chitin in fungi.

Question 8

Lysosomes

Answer 8

Enzyme filled vestibule that functions in intracellular digestion. Rids of junk and has a membrane. Breaks down foreignly ingested substances

Question 9

Golgi bodies

Answer 9

Organelle that modifies polypeptides and lipids. Also sorts and packages the finished products into vesicles. Has a membrane and works with the ER. Exports

Question 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

System of sacs and tubes.
Rough ER has ribosomes and transports proteins synthesized at the ribosomes
Smooth ER synthesizes compl a molecules called steroids and breaks down toxins. Detox and lipids

Question 11

Ribosome

Answer 11

Attached to rough ER and free in cytoplasm. Site of protein synthesis.

Question 12

Cell/Plasma Membrane

Answer 12

A cells outer most membrane. The gateway. Lets some things in but not others. Made of phospholipids and protein. Selective perm.

Question 13

Centriole

Answer 13

Produces and organized microtubules. In animal cells. Pull chromosomes apart in reproduction. Migrate chromatids in cell division

Question 14

Mitochondrion

Answer 14

Double membraned organelles that produce ATP by aerobic respiration in eukaryotes
Sugars are broken down
C6H12O6+6O2~~~>6CO2+6H2O
Energy generated here

Question 15

Cytoskeleton

Answer 15

Structurally supports, Imparts shape to the cell. Moved cell and it's components 
Microtubules
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments 
Movement of vesicles

Question 16

Chromosome

Answer 16

A structure that consist of DNA and associated proteins. Carried part of all of a cells genetic information. 1strand of DNA wrapped around proteins