Chapter 4: Nature Nurture and Diversity Flashcards

1
Q

Genome

A

-set of instructions making up an organism

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2
Q

identical twins

A
  • monozygotic twins
  • when singe fertilized egg splits in two
  • creates two genetically identical organisms
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3
Q

Fraternal twins

A
  • dizygotic twins
  • from separate fertilized eggs
  • no more genetically identical than siblings
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4
Q

Temperament

A

someones emotional re activity and excitability

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5
Q

heritability

A

the variation amongst people that we attribute to genetics

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6
Q

molecular genetics

A

study of molecular structure and the function of genes

-subfeild of bio

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7
Q

molecular behavior genetics

A

study of structure and function of genes and interaction with environment to influence behavior

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8
Q

epigenetics

A

study of environmental influences on gene expression that can occur without any change in DNA

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9
Q

epigenetic marks

A

can turn off/trigger/block genetic expressions

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10
Q

evolutionary psychology

A

study of evolution of behavior and mind

-uses principle of natural selection

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11
Q

natural selection

A

principle that traits that promote reproduction/survival with be passed on and the others will die out

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12
Q

mutation

A

random error in gene replication that leads to change

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13
Q

social script

A

-the “guide” that varrys culturally for how to act in certain situations

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14
Q

interaciton

A

one factor depending on another

-environment depending on heredity

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15
Q

culture

A

behaviors, ideas ,attitudes, values, traditions

  • shared by a group of people
  • passed down to next generations
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16
Q

norm

A

understood “rule” for expected and accepted behavior

- “proper” behavior

17
Q

individualism

A
  • giving priority to oneself and defining oneself on personal attributes
  • more prevelent in western culture
18
Q

collectivism

A
  • giving priority and defining oneself on a groups acheivments
  • more common in asian culture
19
Q

sex

A

biolocigall characteristics of male and female

20
Q

gender

A

socially influenced characteristics of male and female

21
Q

relational aggression

A

aggression intended to harm a persons relationship or social standing
-women are more relationally aggressive

22
Q

X chromosome

A

sex chromosome in men and women

  • females have 2
  • men have 1
23
Q

Y Chromosome

A

sex chromosome only in males

24
Q

testosterone

A

important male sex hormone

25
primary sex characteristics
body parts that make sex possible | -ex. dick and balls
26
secondary sex chromosome
non-reproductive sexual traits | -ex. body hair, breasts
27
spermarche
first ejaculation
28
menarche
first menstrual period
29
gender role
set of expected behaviors, attitudes, traits for males or females
30
gender itentity
sense of being male female or combination
31
social learning theory
theory that we learn social behaviors by observing and imitation others
32
gender typing
taking on a traditional male or female role
33
androgyny
displaying both traditional masculine and feminine traits