Chapter 4: intention to create a legal relation

Question 1

What are the two principles needed to create a valid contract?

Answer 1

1- sufficient agreement
2- the intention to create a legally bounding agreement

Question 2

difference between a contract and an agreement?

Answer 2

the intention to create a legal binding relation is the criterion which distinguishes. Ona daily basis, normally we do mere agreements or promises , and breaking that promise is only going to have moral consequences, but would no be legally enforceable.

Question 3

how do parties distinguish a contract from mere agreements?

Answer 3

they normally agree that their agreement has no legal consequences

Question 4

que pasa in pre-contractual agreements?

Answer 4

en este proceso, los parties dejan claro que las negociaciones no están sujetas al contrato, y que cualquier acuerdo sea valido después de que el contrato haya sido redactado y firmado

Question 5

cuando la situación de la intención puede empeorar?

Answer 5

esto puede ser interpretado mal, ya que, normalmente después de que el acuerdo haya sido firmado, haya diferencias sobre si el contrato era legalmente vinculante. Ya que una persona podría haber asumido que no lo era. Ya que es muy difícil interpretar si una persona de verdad lo habia interpretado mal, ya que muy difícil meterse en la cabeza de alguien, se somete el ‘objective assessment’ dnde se mira el caso desde un punto de vista objetivo, las palabras y los actos de cada party.

Question 6

2 parts of objective assessments?

Answer 6

1. presumptions
2. context and circumstances

Question 7

Explain presumptions?

Answer 7

1. Domestic agreement- all legal systems presume that the agreement is not legally binding. they assume that the agreement has be done under good faith and intention.Moreover, court reluctant to intervene in domestic agreements, very delicate
2. Business agreement - all legal systems pressure that these are legally binding. Each party promises something, and they expect that the other one is going to do its promise - Cosas de valor en medio.

Question 8

expolian situations and context, and some examples

Answer 8

Another way of objective assessment is considering context and circumstances: e.g : economic reasons, what society finds appropriate, the reasons for making the promise

Question 9

what is a gratuitous promise? would be legally binding in civil law and common law systems?

Answer 9

a service which is even or things that are given without something in exchange. in England, as there would be a lack of consideration - this would not be enforceable
In divil law systems, judges should implement the objective assessments, to examine if parties are legally bound.

Question 10

Explain public policy and the application in domestic agreements

Answer 10

some domestic agreements can’t be legally binding, as they violate the public policy rights. ejemplo: la ley considera violation de la libertad personal si se pudieran hacer contratos vinculantes sobre tener un hijo o no

Question 11

Professional favors?

Answer 11

give rises to a contractual obligation, even if done as a favor. EJEMPLO DE COCHE.
Transportista (A) se le rompe el coche y le pide a transportista (B) que lleve un paquete, como favor, acon urgencia a una calle. Si transportista B tiene una accidente y Rompe el coche de transportista A, A puede demandar a B y demandar que pague los daños. Aunque B se defienda diciendo que lo ha hecho de buena fe. Es una practica que el debe saber hacer, y es su trabajo

Question 12

what are cohabitation agreements

Answer 12

contracts that govern the financial consequences of living together