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Medical Terminology Prep > Chapter 4, Integumentary System: Symptoms and Conditions > Flashcards

Chapter 4, Integumentary System: Symptoms and Conditions Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

atopic dermatitis
ah-TOP-ik der-mah-TI-tis

A

hereditary, allergic, chronic skin inflammation with pruritus (itching); eczema

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2
Q

basal cell carcinoma
BA-sal

A

an epithelial tumor that rarely metastasizes and has a high cure rate with surgical removal

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3
Q

cicatrization
sik-ah-trih-ZA-shun

A

the process of scar formation;
a scar is a cicatrix (SIK-ah-triks)

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4
Q

debridement
da-brede-MON

A

removal of dead or damaged tissue,
as from a wound

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5
Q

dehiscence
de-HIS-ens

A

splitting or bursting, as when the layers of a wound separate

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6
Q

dermatitis
der-mah-TI-tis

A

inflammation of the skin, often associated with redness and itching; may be caused by allergy, irritants (contact dermatitis), or a variety of diseases

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7
Q

dermatology
der-mah-TOL-o-je

A

study of the skin and diseases of the skin

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8
Q

dermatome
DER-mah-tome

A

instrument for cutting thin skin sections for grafting

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9
Q

eczema
EK-ze-mah

A

a general term for skin inflammation with redness, lesions, and itching;
atopic dermatitis

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10
Q

erythema
er-ih-THE-mah

A

diffuse redness of the skin

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11
Q

escharotomy
es-kar-OT-o-me

A

removal of scab tissue resulting from burns or other skin injuries;
a scab or crust is an eschar (ES-kar)

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12
Q

evisceration
e-vis-er-A-shun

A

protrusion of internal organs (viscera) through an opening, as through a wound

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13
Q

exudate
EKS-u-date

A

material, which may include fluid, cells, pus, or blood, that escapes from damaged tissue

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14
Q

Kaposi sarcoma
KAP-o-se

A

cancerous lesion of the skin and other tissues seen most often in patients with AIDS

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15
Q

keloid
KE-loyd

A

a raised, thickened scar caused by tissue overgrowth during scar formation

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16
Q

lupus erythematosus (LE)
LU-pus er-ih-the-mah-TO-sis

A

a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of connective tissue that often involves the skin;
Types include:
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), more widespread and;
discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), involves only the skin

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17
Q

melanoma
mel-ah-NO-mah

A

a metastasizing pigmented skin tumor that arises from melanocytes;
malignant melanoma

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18
Q

pemphigus
PEM-fih-gus

A

an autoimmune disease of the skin characterized by sudden, intermittent formation of bullae (blisters);
may be fatal if untreated

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19
Q

pressure ulcer

A

an ulcer caused by pressure to an area of the body, as from a bed or chair;
Other names: decubitus (de-KU-bih-tus) ulcer, bedsore, pressure sore

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20
Q

pruritus
pru-RI-tus

A

severe itching

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21
Q

psoriasis
so-RI-ah-sis

A

a chronic hereditary dermatitis with red lesions covered by silvery scales

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22
Q

scleroderma
sklere-o-DER-mah

A

a chronic disease that is characterized by thickening and tightening of the skin and that often involves internal organs in a form called progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS)

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23
Q

squamous cell carcinoma
SKWA-mus

A

an epidermal cancer that may invade deeper tissues but tends not to metastasize

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24
Q

acne
AK-ne

A

an inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles usually associated with excess sebum secretion;
acne vulgaris

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25
Q

actinic
ak-TIN-ik

A

pertaining to the effects of radiant energy, such as sunlight, ultraviolet light, and x-rays

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26
Q

albinism
AL-bin-izm

A

a hereditary lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

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27
Q

alopecia
al-o-PE-she-ah

A

absence or loss of hair; baldness

28
Q

Beau lines
bo

A

white lines across the fingernails;
usually a sign of systemic disease or injury

29
Q

bromhidrosis
brom-hi-DRO-sis

A

sweat that has a foul odor because of bacterial decomposition;
also spelled bromidrosis (bro-mih-DRO-sis)

30
Q

carbuncle
CAR-bung-kl

A

a localized infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, usually caused by staphylococcus, and associated with pain and discharge of pus

31
Q

comedo
KOM-eh-do

A

a plug of sebum, often containing bacteria, in a hair follicle; a blackhead
Plural: comedones

32
Q

dermatophytosis
der-mah-to-fi-TO-sis

A

fungal infection of the skin, especially between the toes; athlete’s foot
Root: phyt/o “plant”

33
Q

diaphoresis
di-ah-fo-RE-sis

A

profuse sweating

34
Q

dyskeratosis
dis-ker-ah-TO-sis

A

any abnormality in keratin formation in epithelial cells

35
Q

ecchymosis
ek-ih-MO-sis

A

a collection of blood under the skin caused by leakage from small vessels

36
Q

erysipelas
er-ih-SIP-eh-las

A

an acute infectious skin disease with localized redness, swelling and systemic symptoms

37
Q

erythema nodosum
no-DO-sum

A

inflammation of subcutaneous tissues resulting in tender, erythematous nodules; may be an abnormal immune response to a systemic disease, an infection, or a drug

38
Q

exanthema
ek-zan-THE-mah

A

any cutaneous eruption that accompanies a disease, such as measles; a rash

39
Q

excoriation
eks-ko-re-A-shun

A

lesion caused by scratching or abrasion

40
Q

folliculitis
fo-lik-u-LI-tis

A

inflammation of a hair follicle

41
Q

furuncle
FU-rung-kl

A

a painful skin nodule caused by staphylococci that enter through a hair follicle;
a boil

42
Q

hemangioma
he-man-je-O-mah

A

a benign tumor of blood vessels; in the skin, called birthmarks or port wine stains

43
Q

herpes simplex
HER-peze SIM-pleks

A

a group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus;
type I herpes simplex virus produces fluid-filled vesicles, usually on the lips, after fever, sun exposure, injury, or stress, also called cold sore or fever blister;
type II infections usually involve the genital organs

44
Q

hirsutism
HIR-su-tizm

A

excessive growth of hair

45
Q

ichthyosis
ik-the-O-sis

A

a dry, scaly condition of the skin
Root: ichthy/o “fish”

46
Q

impetigo
im-peh-TI-go

A

a bacterial skin infection with pustules that rupture and form crusts; most commonly seen in children, usually on the face

47
Q

keratosis
ker-ah-TO-sis

A

any skin condition marked by thickened or horny growth;
seborrheic keratosis is a benign tumor, yellow or light brown in color, that appears in the elderly;
actinic keratosis is caused by exposure to sunlight and may lead to squamous cell carcinoma

48
Q

lichenification
li-ken-ih-fih-KA-shun

A

thickened marks caused by chronic rubbing, as seen in atopic dermatitis
(a lichen is a flat, branching type of plant that grows on rocks and bark)

49
Q

mycosis fungoides
mi-KO-sis fun-GOY-deze

A

a rare malignant disease that originates in the skin and involves the internal organs and lymph nodes;
there are large, painful, ulcerating tumors

50
Q

nevus
NE-vus

A

a defined discoloration of the skin;
a congenital vascular skin tumor;
a mole, birthmark

51
Q

paronychia
par-o-NIK-e-ah

A

infection around a nail caused by bacteria or fungi; may affect multiple nails

52
Q

pediculosis
peh-dik-u-LO-sis

A

infestation with lice

53
Q

petechiae
pe-TE-ke-e

A

flat, pinpoint, purplish-red spots caused by bleeding within the skin or mucous membrane
Singular: petechia

54
Q

photosensitization
fo-to-sen-sih-tih-ZA-shun

A

sensitization of the skin to light, usually from the action of drugs, plant products, or other substances

55
Q

purpura
PUR-pu-rah

A

a condition characterized by hemorrhages into the skin and other tissues

56
Q

rosacea
ro-ZA-she-ah

A

a condition of unknown cause involving redness of the skin, pustules, and overactivity of sebaceous glands, mainly on the face

57
Q

scabies
SKA-beze

A

a highly contagious skin disease caused by a mite

58
Q

senile lentigines
len-TIJ-ih-neze

A

brown macules that appear on sun-exposed skin in adults; liver spots

59
Q

shingles

A

an acute eruption of vesicles along the path of a nerve;
herpes zoster (HER-peze ZOS-ter);
caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox

60
Q

tinea
TIN-e-ah

A

a fungal skin infection; ringworm

61
Q

tinea versicolor
VER-sih-kol-or

A

superficial chronic fungal infection that causes varied skin pigmentation

62
Q

urticaria
ur-tih-KAR-e-ah

A

a skin reaction marked by temporary, smooth, raised areas (wheals) associated with itching; hives

63
Q

venous stasis ulcer

A

ulcer caused by venous insufficiency and stasis of venous blood;
usually forms near the ankle

64
Q

verruca
ver-RU-kah

A

a small, usually benign epidermal tumor caused by human papilloma virus (HPV);
a wart

65
Q

vitiligo
vit-ih-LI-go

A

patchy disappearance of pigment in the skin; leukoderma

66
Q

xeroderma pigmentosum
ze-ro-DER-mah pig-men-TO-sum

A

a fatal hereditary disease that begins in childhood with skin discolorations and ulcers and muscle atrophy;
there is increased sensitivity to the sun and increased susceptibility to cancer

Medical Terminology Prep (6 decks)

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