Chapter 4 - Hebrew Nouns

Question 1

What are the masculine singular noun endings?

Answer 1

No set pattern (endingless).

Question 2

What is the masculine plural noun ending?

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the masculine dual noun ending?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the feminine plural noun endings?

Answer 4

Question 5

What is the feminine plural noun ending?

Answer 5

Question 6

What are the feminine plural dual endings?

Answer 6

Question 7

Identify:

Answer 7

Feminine singular noun

Question 8

Identify:

Answer 8

Feminine singular noun

Question 9

Identify:

Answer 9

Feminine singular noun

Question 10

Identify:

Answer 10

Feminine singular noun

Question 11

Identify:

Answer 11

Feminine singular noun

Question 12

Identify

Answer 12

Masculine plural noun

Question 13

Identify:

Answer 13

Feminine plural noun

Question 14

Identify:

Answer 14

Masculine dual noun

Question 15

Identify:

Answer 15

Feminine dual noun

Question 16

Identify:

Answer 16

Feminine dual noun

Question 17

עִיר (city) and אֶבֶן (stone) are exeptions to the normal noun ending patterns because…

Answer 17

they are endingless feminine singular.

Question 18

אָב Is an exception to the normal noun pluralisation pattern because…

Answer 18

though it is masculine singular, it takes the feminine plural ending

Question 19

מַיִם (water) is an exception to the normal noun pluralisation pattern because…

Answer 19

it is always dual in form, but should usually be translated in the singular.

Question 20

אִישׁ (man) does not follow the normal pattern of noun pluralisation because…

Answer 20

the stem of the word undergoes an irregular change. In this instance אִישׁ becomes אֲנָשִׁים

Question 21

The 5 types of noun pluralisation are:

Answer 21

1. Regular
2. Propretonic
3. Segholate
4. Geminate
5. Irregular

Question 22

What is the tonic syllable?

Answer 22

The syllable that is accented within a word. Unless otherwise indicated, it is the last syllable.

Question 23

What is the pretonic syllable?

Answer 23

The syllable before the tonic.

Question 24

What is the propretonic syllable?

Answer 24

The syllable before the pretonic syllable.

Question 25

How does defective spelling affect noun endings?

Answer 25

Sometimes, in the feminine plural, the Holem Vav becomes a just Holem on its own.

Shorter =defective spelling

Longer = plene (Latin for “full”)

Question 26

Propretonic reduction occurs when…

Answer 26

1. pluralising certain (two-syllable) nouns
2. Compatible nouns are accented on the final syllable.
3. Compatible nouns have either a Quamets or a Tsere in the first (pretonic) syllable.

Question 27

Explain propretonic reduction!

Answer 27

1. The Quamets or Tsere is placed in an open propretonic syllable
2. The Quamets or Tsere will shorten to a (vocal) Shewa

Question 28

What is the one exception to the expected pattern of propretonic reduction?

Answer 28

A word with an unchangable long vowel [Holem Vav (בּןֹ), Shureq (בּוּ), Seghol Yod (בֶּי), Tsere Yod (בֵּי), Hireq Yod (בִּי)] in the first syllable.

Question 29

Segholate reduction occurs when…

Answer 29

1. pluralising certain (two-syllable) nouns
2. Compatible nouns are accented on the first syllable.

Question 30

Explain segholate reduction!

Answer 30

1. It’s called segholate reduction because this pattern of reduction affects nouns that typically have two Seghol vowels, sometimes just one Seghol vowel. It can occur in nouns that have no seghol vowels.
2. The first vowel is shortened to either a (vocal) Shewa or a Hateph vowel.
3. A Quamets is always placed under the second consonant.

Question 31

Explain geminate pluralisation!

Answer 31

1. Geminate nouns appear to have only 2 consonants.
2. Originally, there would have been 3 with the second consonant repeating itself.
3. When pluralised, the noun that would have originally repeated itself reappears in the form of a Dagesh Forte.