Chapter 4 - Ground Proximity Warning Flashcards
What are the inputs to GPWS?
- Computer airspeed
- Barometric altitude
- Barometric altitude rate
- Radio altitude
- Glide slope deviation
- Magnetic heading
What would inhibit certain modes of the GPWS?
Flap or landing gear position
What happens when the GND PROX FLAP OVRD and GND PROX CONFIG GEAR OVRD switches are activated?
Override the flaps up and gear up position information
Simulate a flaps down 25° or gear down condition
What does the GND PROX G/S INHB switch do?
- Inhibits the aural and visual mode 5 (below G/S) indications
- Mode 5 also inhibited during a backcourse landing approach
Describe the PULL UP light?
- Red
- Indicates a mode 1 or mode 2A PULL UP warning condition
- Level A warning
- Located on the Captain’s Instrument Panel
Describe the GND PROX G/S INHB switch?
- Indicate advisory modes 1 through 5
- Level C advisory message
What are the seven modes of GPWS?
- Excessive descent rate
- Excessive closure rate with respect to rising terrain
- Loss of altitude after take-off or during go around
- Too close to terrain when not in landing configuration
- Excessive deviation below glide slope
- Radio altitude callouts
- Windshear
What is the alerting sequence for Modes 1 and 2?
Initial annunciation is an alert but if the condition persists, the respective warning replaces the alerts
What is the alerting sequence for Modes 3, 4, 5 and 6?
Alert only
What is the alerting sequence for Mode 7?
Warning only mode
What does a GPWS warning consist of?
- A red indication of the PFC
- An aural annunciation
- Illumination of the master warning lights
What does a GPWS alert consist of?
- Aural annunciation
- Illumination of the amber GND PROX G/S INHB light/switch in all cases except Mode 6 (Radio altitude callouts)
What is Mode 1 independent of?
Landing gear and flap positions
When will Mode 1 indications occur?
Below 2,450 ft radio altitude down to 50 ft when the barometric altitude rate exceeds a threshold value
How is the Mode 1 divided?
- Initial penetration (SINK RATE)
- Inner warning (PULL UP)
What are the aural messages during Mode 1?
Alert - SINK RATE
Warning - WHOOP! WHOOP! PULL UP
When is Mode 2A active?
When the flaps are at 20 units or less
When is Mode 2B active?
- Flaps are down 25-30 units
- If the aircraft is making an ILS approach within 2 dots deviation
When will Mode 3 be active?
After take-off or during a missed approach, with the landing gear up and/or the flaps less than 25 units
What aural alert will the pilot get in Mode 3?
DON’T SINK
When are the various parts of Mode 4 active?
Mode 4A - During cruise and approach with the landing gear up
Mode 4B - In cruise and approach, but with the landing gear down
Mode 4C - During take-off with the landing gear up and/or flaps less than 25 units
When will Mode 6 alert/call outs be repeated again?
- Aircraft ascends above 1,000 feet radio altitude
- Aircraft makes a transition from approach to take-off
What is the most dangerous type of windshear?
Microburst
Describe microburst and its dangers to aircraft?
Column of downward moving air
Most dangerous below 500 feet, where pilots have little time and airspace to recover
When is Mode 7 active?
Within 1500 feet radio altitude
What annunciations are given at windshear?
- Siren sounds and then there is an aural message ‘WINDSHEAR WINDSHEAR WINDSHEAR’
- Red WINDSHEAR warning message shows on the EICAS display
- Red WINDSHEAR warning message shows on the PFD
- Master warning lights come on
- Other GPWS modes are inhibited
For how long are other GPWS modes inhibited in Mode 7?
For a minimum of five seconds after a windshear warning, and continues as long as the angle of attack is maintained within five degrees of stick shaker angle of attack
What do the ground proximity warning computer and the stall warning computers provide on the PFD?
- Windshear
- Pull up
- Pitch limit symbol
What causes the stall warning computer to display pitch limit data on the PFD?
When the flaps are lowered
With regards to the stall warning computer and the GPWS computer, what source selection is used on the PFD?
GPWS - no switching
Stall warning - Left PFD will use left stall warning computer, will automatically switch on a fault