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Esthetics > Chapter 4 Flash Cards ( Disorders And Diseases Of The Skin) > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flash Cards ( Disorders And Diseases Of The Skin)

1
Q

Diagnosing skin conditions is not within the scope of your __________________.

A

Practice

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2
Q

Lesions that are in the initial stages of development are _________________ lesions.

A

Primary

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3
Q

What is a pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesion that feels sharp or rough and is a result of sun damage?

A

Actinic Keratosis

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4
Q

Vascular lesions are also known as _____________ lesions.

A

Tertiary (ter-she-air-ree)

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5
Q

A pustule is an example of a ___________ lesion.

A

Primary

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6
Q

What is a keloid?

A

A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue.

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7
Q

What variety of acne located in the dermis causes depressed and raised scars and should be treated by a medical professional (dermatologist) ?

A

Cystic Acne

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8
Q

A blackhead is a(n) _______ ____________.

A

Open comedo

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9
Q

Milia are the most common in ____ skin types.

A

Dry

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10
Q

A sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filed with sebum that usually appears on the neck, scalp, and back that is also known as a wen is a ___________________.

A

Steatoma

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11
Q

Sebaceous hyperplasia growths tend to be ______________________________________________________.

A

Doughnut-shaped with an indentation in the center

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12
Q

What form of eczema is characterized by inflammation, dry, or oily scaling or crusting, an/or itchiness?

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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13
Q

Warts are caused by ____________.

A

Viruses

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14
Q

A condition characterized by bacteria and yeast that causes a foul odor is called ____________________.

A

Bromhidrosis (brum-high-dro-sys)

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15
Q

When excessive heat exposure causes an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, it is called ________ ________.

A

Milaria Rubra

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16
Q

Pruritis is a condition characterized by ____________.

A

Itching

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17
Q

Red patches covered with silver-white scales on the scalp, elbows, knees, heat, and lower back are characteristics of __________________.

A

Psoriasis

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18
Q

Swelling occurs when the skin is damaged by an irritating substance because the body is trying to ____________ ____ _______________.

A

Dilute the irritant

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19
Q

A port wine stain is a type of ________________ ________.

A

Vascular Nevus

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20
Q

Why does the skin tan when it is exposed to the sun?

A

To defend against UV radiation

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21
Q

When the body lacks melanin, including on the skin, hair, and eyes, it is called ____________________.

A

Albinism

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22
Q

A condition with light , abnormal patches of depigmented skin is called

A

Leukoderma

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23
Q

Hyerpigmentation and hypopigmentation are forms of ___________________.

A

Dyschromia

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24
Q

Skin cancer tumors form when cells _____________ ____________ _____ _______________.

A

Divide rapidly and unevenly

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25
Q

The medical term for cold sores or fever blisters is _________ ___________ _______ _.

A

HSV 1 (herpes simplex virus 1)

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26
Q

Shingles is a used by the same virus that causes _________________ ______.

A

Chicken Pox

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27
Q

What conditions are contagious?

A

Bacterial Conjunctivitis (pink eye)
Impetigo ( common in children)
Tinea Corporis ( ring worms)

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28
Q

Tinea Versicolor is characterized by _______________________________________________________________________.

A

White, brown, or salmon colored flaky patches and can be mistaken for eczema.

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29
Q

What condition is sometimes called “chicken skin” ?

A

Keratosis Pilaris

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30
Q

The ________________________ ________ is the structure that includes the hair, hair shaft, sebaceous gland, and the duct or canal to the surface.

A

Pilosebaceous unit

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31
Q

Pregnancy, extended periods of standing or sitting, and genetics are all contributing factors to what condition?

A

Varicose veins

32
Q

What disorder starts with increasing bouts of redness?

A

Rosacea

33
Q

How would you describe the condition that a person who picks at their skin to the point of injury has ?

A

Dermatillomania

34
Q

Which of the following can you do, if you recognize a potentially dangerous skin disorder?

A

Refer to a physician

35
Q

A pigmentation disease characterized by white patches on the skin from lack f pigment cells is ______________.

A

Vitiligo

36
Q

A flat, pigmented area characterized by small, yellow-brown spots is known as _______________.

A

Lentigo

37
Q

Another name for herpes zoster is ________________.

A

Shingles

38
Q

What conditions has symptoms that include thinning hair in a male hair growth pattern of baldness?

A

PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome)

39
Q

If a client has PCOS, what treatment is not appropriate?

A

Use of occlusive products
(Products that don’t let the skin breathe for a period of time)

40
Q

What is the name for the medical science that studies the treats the skin?

A

Dermatology

41
Q

What are some tactics that can treat rosacea?

A
  1. Collaborating with a dermatologist
  2. Skin calming ingredients
  3. Limit the uses of steam
  4. Advanced treatments ( lasers)
42
Q

What are some rosacea triggers?

A

-spicy food
-alcohol
-extreme temperature changes
-stress

43
Q

What is the ABCDE method?

A

A- asymmetry
B- border
C-color
D-diameter
E-evolving

44
Q

Describe the four grades of acne.

A

-Grade 1- minor breakouts
-Grade 2- many closed comedones, occasional papules
-Grade 3- Red and inflamed, papules, comedones
-Grade 4- cystic acne, cysts with comedones, scar formation

45
Q

Secondary Lesions

A

Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface
-crust
-cracked skin
-scabs
-ulcers

46
Q

Vascular lesions are?

A

Marks, wounds, and abnormalities that involve the circulation system
-varicose veins
-rosacea

47
Q

Lesions are ______________________.

A

Structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury.

48
Q

Skin cancer is caused by ___________________________.

A

-damage to DNA
-skin cancer forms when cells divide rapidly and unevenly

49
Q

Skin cancer risk increases with _______________________.

A

Cumulative UV exposure

50
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Most common and least severe type of skin cancer ; often characterized by light or pearly nodules, sores, smooth growth with elevated patches, and reddish patches.

51
Q

Malignant Melanoma

A

Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. Can be 100% fatal if left untreated.

52
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

More serious than basal cell carcinoma, less serious than malignant melanoma, characterized by scaly red papules or nodules, open sores, or crust areas. Can grow and spread throughout the body.

53
Q

What is a dermatologist?

A

Someone who studies dermatology and can recognize infections, diseases, and disorders of the skin.

54
Q

List three medications that can treat acne…

A

-birth control
-azelex (Azelaic acid)
-Retin-a (tretinoin)
-differin (adapalene)
-clindamycin
-Isotretinoin
-tazorac (tazarotene)
-spironolactone

55
Q

Describe open comedones

A

Comedones that dont get any air and is white in color.

56
Q

List three disorders characterized by pigmentation

A

-lentigo
-melisma
-ephelids
-poikiloderma of civatte
-post inflammatory hyperpigmentation
-tan
-vitiligo
-albinism
-leukoderma

57
Q

What is Tinea vascular?

A

A fungal condition that inhibits melanin production caused by yeast.

58
Q

How can Tinea vascular be treated?

A

Antifungal skin treatments can help treat the condition as well as staying cool and dry.

59
Q

What are the four hypertrophies of the skin?

A

Hyperkeratosis, keratosis, keratosis paralis, keratoma

60
Q

Milia is most common in what skin type?

A

Dry skin

61
Q

List common vascular conditions or disorders

A

-rosacea
-telangiectasia
Varicose veins

62
Q

What is telangiectasia?

A

Visible capillaries, 0.5-1.0 mm in diameter, that are commonly found on the face, mainly around the nose, cheeks, and chin. It is a cosmetic irregularity and not a medical condition.

63
Q

What is varicose veins?

A

Is visible vascularities that are abnormally dilated and twisted veins that can occur anywhere on he body. Often on the legs.

64
Q

List the different acne triggers.

A

-genetics
-hormones
-environment
-cosmetics
-skin care products
-diet

65
Q

You can ________________ your clients to eat healthy and drink water.

A. Recommend
B. Encourage
C. Tell
D. Force

A

B. Encourage

66
Q

What are the types of clogged pores?

A

-comedo
-sebaceous filaments
-Milia
-retention hyperkeratosis
-sebaceous hyperplasia
-seborrhea

67
Q

What is acne?

A

An inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands also known as acne simplex

68
Q

True or false:
Estheticians can cure acne.

A

False. Acne is treatable but not curable.

69
Q

What are pustules?

A

Infected papules

70
Q

Different types of dermatitis

A

Contact dermatitis,
allergic contact dermatitis,
atopic dermatitis,
eczema,
irritant. Contact dermatitis,
perioral dermatitis,
seborrheic dermatitis,
stasis dermatitis

71
Q

List the nine contagious skin and nail diseases.

A
  1. Conjunctivitis - pink eye
  2. Herpes simplex virus 1- fever blisters or cold sores, recurring
  3. Herpes simplex virus 2- genital herpes
  4. Herpes zoster- shingles
  5. Impetigo- bacterial infection of the skin most common in children.
  6. Onychomycosis- fungal infection that produces thick. Brittle. Discolored nails
  7. Tinea- fungal infections
  8. Tinea corporis- ringworm
  9. Verucca- also known as a ward caused by a virus
72
Q

Common skin conditions related to skin diseases and disorders are:

A
  1. Furuncle- a boil
  2. Carbuncle- group of boils
  3. Edema- swelling from fluid imbalance in the cells ( injury,infection,medication)
  4. Erythema- redness caused by inflammation
  5. Folliculitis- hair growth under the surface instead of growing up. Common in men.
  6. Pseudofolliculitis- razor bumps (no puss)
  7. Pruritus- persistent itching
  8. Steatoma- sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum
73
Q

List five sudoriferous gland disorders:

A

Anhidrosis- deficiency of sweat causes fever and skin disease. Requires dermatologist
Bromhidrosis- foul-smelling perspiration usually in armpits or on the feet
Hyperhydrosis- chronic excessive sweating caused by heat, genetics, stress, or medication
Diaphoresis- excessive sweating due to a underlying medical condition
Miliaria rubric- also known as prickly heat. Eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin caused form excessive heat exposure

74
Q

What are two mental health conditions that may manifest as skin conditions?

A
  1. Dermatillomania- form of OCD in which someone picks at their skin to the point of injury, infection, or scarring. Can be relieving and not painful
  2. Body dysmorphic disorder- a disorder in which the client has a preoccupation with their occupation. They do not have a realistic picture of what they look like. Fixate in minute acne imperfections.
75
Q

True or false:

Even though there is a skin condition you dont recognize you should still fulfill the service and tell the client after.

A

False. NEVER work on any skin condition they d not recognize and should stop the service IMMEDIATELY. Study and talk to a dermatologist.

Esthetics (2 decks)

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