Chapter 4: Fill In Flashcards
_____ is a state of equilibrium that is maintained within the body’s internal environment
homeostasis
An ____ us the smallest, most basic chemical unit of an element
atom
A ____ is a chemical combination of two or more atoms from a specific chemical compound.
molecule
____ is a tasteless, clear, odorless, liquid that makes up 55% of a female’s body weight.
water
____ are considered the basic building blocks for various structures that make-up a human being
cells
The outer covering of the cell is called the ____ ____, it allows some substances to pass into and out of the cell.
cell membrane
The substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus and is made of a jelly like material is the _____.
cytoplasm
The _____ is responsible o for the cells metabolism, growth, and reproduction. It contains the chromosomes.
nucleus
The nucleus contains the _____ which are microscopic bodies that carry the genes that determine hereditary characteristics.
chromosomes
The human body has __ pairs of chromosomes.
23
_____ _____ are unspecialized and can give rise to specialized cell types ,sources include embryos, adult tissue, and umbilical cord blood.
stem cells
An activity such as conception that takes place inside the body is known as __ ____ and the same activity that takes place outside the body (test tube) is known as __ ____.
in vivo
in vitro
Name 3 primary functions of the cell membrane
protects the cell
provides communication
allows substance to pass in and out of the cell
Name 1 primary function of the cytoplasm
provides storage
provides work area
Name 2 primary functions of the nucleus
controls activity within the cell
contains genetic material
____ is a grouping of similar cells that together perform specialized functions, there are four basic types.
tissue
Name the four basic types of tissues in the body
epithelial
connective
muscle
nerve
List 6 functions of epithelial tissue
protection sensation secretion absorption excretion diffusion
The most widespread and abundant of the body tissues, ____ tissue forms the supporting network for the organs of the body, is involved with muscles bones and joints.
connective
Name 3 types of muscle tissue
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
___ ___ consists of nerve cells
nerve tissue
multiple different tissues serving a common purpose or function make up structures called ___.
organs
a group of different organs functioning together for a common purpose is called a ____.
system
name the 11 body systems
integumentary skeletal muscular nervous endocrine cardiovascular blood and lymphatic respiratory digestive urinary reproductive
the standard ___ ____ for the body is erect, head facing forward, arms by the sides with palms to the front.
anatomical position
toward the head
superior
toward the feet
inferior
front side of the body
anterior or ventral
back side of the body
posterior or dorsal
pertaining to the head
cephalic
pertaining to the side
lateral
pertaining to near the trunk of the body
proximal
pertaining to away from the trunk of the body
distal
the ___ plane, vertically divides the body into right and left sides
sagittal
The ____ plane, vertically divides the body as it passes through the midline to form a right and left half
midsagittal
the ____ or ____ plane divides the body into superior and inferior positions
transverse
horizontal
the ____ or ____ plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
coronal
frontal
body cavities are classified into two groups according to their location. on the front is the ____ cavity and on the back is the ____ cavity
ventral
dorsal
name the 5 body cavities
cranial thoracic abdominal pelvic spinal
the ____ cavity is the combination of the abdominal and pelvic cavities
abdominopelvic
the lower left and right regions of the abdominopelvic cavity are called the ___ or ___ regions
iliac
inguinial
the central region of the abdominopelvic cavitiy is the ___ region
umbilical
the upper left and right regions of the abdominopelvic cavity are called the ____ regions
hypochondriac
the upper middle region of the abdominopelvic cavity is known as the ____ region
epigastric
the right & left lateral region of the abdominopelvic cavity is known as the ____ region
lumbar
the lower middle region of the abdominopelvic cavity is known as the ____ region
hypogastric
name the four quadrants of the body and provide their appropriate abbreviations
right upper quadrant (RUQ)
right lower quadrant (RLQ)
left upper quadrant (LUQ)
left lower quadrant (LLQ)
The ___ is also called the torso.
trunk
