Chapter 4: Ethical Guidelines for Psychology Research

Question 1

debrief

Answer 1

To inform participants afterward about a study’s true nature, details, and hypotheses.

Question 2

principle of respect for persons

Answer 2

An ethical principle from the Belmont Report stating that research participants should be treated as autonomous agents and that certain groups deserve special protection.

Question 3

informed consent

Answer 3

The right of research participants to learn about a research project, know its risks and benefits, and decide whether to participate.

Question 4

principle of beneficence

Answer 4

An ethical principle from the Belmont Report stating that researchers must take precautions to protect participants from harm and to promote their well-being.

Question 5

principle of justice

Answer 5

An ethical principle from the Belmont Report calling for a fair balance between the kinds of people who participate in research and the kinds of people who benefit from it.

Question 6

Institutional Review Board(IRB)

Answer 6

A committee responsible for ensuring that research using human participants is conducted ethically.

Question 7

deception

Answer 7

The withholding of some details of a study from participants (deception through omission) or the act of actively lying to them (deception through commission).

Question 8

data fabrication

Answer 8

A form of research misconduct in which a researcher invents data that fit the hypothesis.

Question 9

data falsification

Answer 9

A form of research misconduct in which a researcher influences a study’s results, perhaps by deleting observations from a data set or by influencing participants to act in the hypothesised way.