Chapter 4- Ecology Flashcards

0
Q

Any factor in the environment that does not depend on the number of members in a population per unit area.

A

Density-Independent Factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The pattern of spacing of a population within an area.

A

Dispersion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Any factor in the environment that depends on the number of members in a population per unit area.

A

Density-Dependent Factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How fast a given population grows.

A

Population Growth Rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The term ecologists use to describe the number of individuals moving away from a population.

A

Emigration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The term ecologists use to describe the number of individuals moving into a population.

A

Immigration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The maximum number of individuals in a species that an environment can support for the long term.

A

Carrying Capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The study of human population size, density, distribution, movement, and birth and death rates.

A

Demography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Change in population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.

A

Demographic Transition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Occurs when births plus immigration equals deaths plus emigration.

A

Zero Population Growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is the number of males and females in each of three age groups: pre-reproduction stage, reproductive stage, and post reproductive stage.

A

Age Structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Entire species permanently disappear from the biosphere when the last member of the species dies.

A

Extinction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is the variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of different species in that area.

A

Biodiversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The variety of genes or inheritable characteristics that are present in a population compromises.

A

Genetic Diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The number of different species and the relative abundance of each species in a biological community.

A

Species Diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The variety of ecosystems that are present in the biosphere.

A

Ecosystem Diversity

16
Q

Is the number of organisms per unit area.

A

Population Density

17
Q

The gradual process of species becoming extinct.

A

Background Extinction

18
Q

Is an event in which a large percentage of all living species become extinct in a relatively short period of time.

A

Mass Extinction

19
Q

All materials and organisms found in the biosphere, including minerals, fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, plants, animals, soil, clean water, clean air, and solar energy.

A

Natural Resources

20
Q

Excessive use, of species that have economic value.

A

Overexploitation

21
Q

The separation of an ecosystem into small pieces of land.

A

Habitat Fragmentation

22
Q

Different environmental conditions that occur along the boundaries of an ecosystem.

A

Edge Effects

23
Q

The increasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms a trophic levels increase in a food chain or food web.

A

Biological Magnification

24
Occurs when fertilizers, animal waste, sewage, or other substances rich in nitrogen and phosphorus flow into waterways, causing extensive algae growth.
Eutrophication
25
Nonnative species that are either intentionally or unintentionally transported to a new habitat.
Introduced Species
26
Resources that are replaced by natural processes faster than they are consumed.
Renewable Resources
27
Resources that are found on Earth in limited amounts or those that are replaced by natural processes over extremely long periods of time.
Nonrenewable Resources
28
Species that are only found in that specific geographic area and critical levels of habitat loss.
Endemic
29
The use of living organisms, such as prokaryotes, fungi, or plants, to detoxify a polluted area.
Bioremediation
30
Adding natural predators to a degraded ecosystem.
Biological Augmentation