Chapter 4 - Digital Economy Ecosystem

Question 1

What is the digital economy ecosystem?

Answer 1

It is the interplay among digital services, ICT technologies, providers of digital services, competitors, consumers and society.

Question 2

Which are the components of a digital economy ecosystem? (8)

Answer 2

1. ICT infrastructures (owned by Internet Service Providers (ISPs))
2. Network Providers (NPs)
3. Device Providers (DPs)
4. Application Service Providers (ASPs)
5. Content Providers (CPs)
6. Consumers
7. Authorities
8. Dependencies among digital services

Question 3

What do ICT infrastructures comprise?

Answer 3

1. All possible interconnected networks, from the local area ones to the Internet.
2. Data storage and computing facilities

Question 4

What is complexity economics about?

Answer 4

Essentially, the economy is ever changing and will never reach a stationary state. Reasons: DEEs and innovation rate.

Question 5

When was the WWW commercialized?

Answer 5

1993

Question 6

What are the THREE PLANES of Audestad, 2007 describing a digital economy ecosystem?

Answer 6

1. Network plane (ISPs and NPs)
2. User equipment plane (DPs)
3. Applications plane (ASPs)

Question 7

Why cannot ISPs perceive what kind of service is carried through the network?

Answer 7

Because of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) encryption protocol.

Question 8

What is an OTT (Over-The-Top) service?

Answer 8

With such services, the ASPs offer services which traditionally were supported by dedicated networks (mainly telephone network and television network).

Question 9

What is cloud computing?

Answer 9

When a digital goods or services provider does not own all necessary data storage and processing facilities, which are rented from cloud providers.

Question 10

What is the main key concept in cloud computing? (Acronym)

Answer 10

EaaS (Everything as a Service)

Question 11

What are the three main categories of services within cloud computing?

Answer 11

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Software as a Service (SaaS)

Question 12

What is a network virtualization?

Answer 12

The user is not aware of the fact that processing activities take place on several computers.

Question 13

What are SaaS?

Answer 13

The digital service provider (ASP) gives users access to application software. All computation activities take place in the cloud provider facilities.

Question 14

What is meant with grid computing?

Answer 14

It involves the interconnection between many heterogeneous computers to perform large computational tasks.