Chapter 4 Cultural Aspects Of Health And Illness Flashcards
Define “cultural diversity”
The differences among people, which may or may not be visible
Define “cultural competence”
The ability of health care provider or organization to understand and respond effectively to cultural and linguistic needs that patients bring to the health care setting.
What does ASKED stand for?
Model of Cultural Competence created by De. Josie Campinha-Bacote that provides a beginning self-assessment tool for cultural competence.
Define “stereotyping”
Assuming that all people in a particular culture have the group’s values and beliefs or practice the group’s customs.
Define “cultural sensitivity”
The way that one responds to cultural differences.
What are Purnell’s domains for assessing cultural groups or persons?
- Nutrition
- Communication
- Family roles and organization
- Workforce issues
- Biocultural ecology
- High-risk behaviors
- Overview (e.g., heritage)
- Pregnancy and childbirth practices
- Death rituals
- Spirituality
- Health care practices
- Health care practitioners
! Nursing Safety Priority
Action alert
The primary approach to caring for a homeless patient is to establish trust. Many of these patients have experienced discrimination and therefore do not trust nurses or other healthcare professionals. When talking with the homeless patient, avoid discriminatory language and do not make assumptions. Take time to communicate, emphasize, and show concern to build trust and assess the patient’s needs.
Define”transcultural nursing”
The area of study and practice that focuses on the care, health, and illness patterns of people with similarities and differences in their cultural beliefs, values, and practices; also care that considers the cultural aspects of the patient.
What is the best practice for patient safety and quality care; guidlines for communicating with non-English speaking patients.
- Use dialect-specific interpreters who are the same gender and about the same age as the patient if possible
- Use interpreters who are familiar with health and health care
- Avoid the use of relatives to prevent bias and misinterpretation
- Speak slowly, and allow the patient time to translate in process what is being discussed
- Use common words in the patient’s language if known; become familiar with Spanish terms that are frequently used in healthcare
- Maintain eye contact with the patient and family while communicating, unless it is not culturally acceptable
- Remember that most patients can understand English better than they can speak it
- Be careful with nonverbal facial expressions and body language
What does LGBT stand for?
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender
Define”ethnopharmacology”
The study of how ethnicity affect how drugs work in the body, including drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Define “curandero” “curandera”
A folk healer in the Mexican-American medicine system who considers of health and healthcare from a holistic, spiritual perspective rather than the traditional scientific viewpoint.
