Chapter 4- Communication, Physical, and Developmental Assessment

Question 1

Most important component of effective communication

Answer 1

Listening

Question 2

Major blocks to listening

Answer 2

environmental distraction

premature judgement

Question 3

Anticipatory guidance

Answer 3

providing families information on normal growth and development and nurturing childbearing practices

Question 4

What components of the communication process will convey the most significant message?

Answer 4

nonverbal components

Question 5

Egocentric

Answer 5

see things only in relation to themselves and from their point of view

Question 6

What children are egocentric?

Answer 6

children younger than 5

Question 7

Universal language of children

Answer 7

play

Question 8

Biochemical tests for assessing nutritional status include analysis of:

Answer 8

Plasma

blood cells

urine

tissues from liver, bone, hair, and fingernails

Question 9

Common lab procedures for nutritional status

Answer 9

hemoglobin

hematocrit

transferrin

albumin

creatinine

nitrogen

Question 10

Main criteria for assessing each body system

Answer 10

Using developmental and chronologic age

Question 11

Physical exam position of Infant

Answer 11

Before able to sit alone: supine or prone (prefer parents arms)
before 4-6 months on exam table

After able to sit alone: sitting in parents lap whenever possible
If on table have parent in full view

Question 12

Physical exam position of Toddler

Answer 12

Sitting or standing on or by parent

Prone or supine position in parent’s lap

Question 13

Physical exam position of preschool child

Answer 13

Prefer standing or sitting
Prone or supine
Prefer parent’s closeness

Question 14

Physical exam position of school-age child

Answer 14

Prefer sitting
cooperative in most positions
Younger child prefers parent’s presence
Older may prefer privacy

Question 15

Physical exam position of adolescent

Answer 15

Same as school age

Offer parents presence

Question 16

BMI

Answer 16

[weight in pounds/ (height in inches x height in inches)] x 703

Question 17

Skin fold thickness sites

Answer 17

triceps

subscapula

suprailiac

abdomen

upper thigh

Question 18

Core temperature

Answer 18

reflects the temp of the blood flow through the carotid arteries to the hypothalamus

Question 19

Rectal temp for children

Answer 19

37 c to 37.5 c ( 98.6 F to 99.5 F)

Question 20

Neonate core temp

Answer 20

36.5 c to 37.6 c (97.7 F to 99.7 F)

Question 21

Electronic intermittent thermometers

Answer 21

Measure pts temp at oral, rectal, and axillary sites

Question 22

Infrared thermometers

Answer 22

measure temp by collecting emitted thermal radiation from a particular site

Question 23

Electronic continuous thermometer

Answer 23

measure temp during the administration of general anesthesia, treatment of hypothermia or hyperthermia, and other situations that require continuous monitoring

Question 24

Orthostatic hypotension (OH)

Answer 24

decrease in BP when standing position

Question 25

Define: Syncope;
Vertigo;
Cerebral hypoperfusion

Answer 25

Synscope: fainting

Vertigo: dizziness

Cerebral hypo perfusion: decreased blood flow to the brain

Question 26

Common cause of OH

Cause induced by:

Answer 26

Hypovolemia

diuretics, vasodilator medications, prolonged immobility or bed rest

Question 27

Other causes of OH

Answer 27

Dehydration

Diarrhea

Emesis

Fluid loss from sweating/excretion

alcohol intake

dysrhythmias

DM

sepsis

Hemorrhage

Question 28

Skin turgor used for

Answer 28

estimates adequate hydration and nutrition

Question 29

Craniosynostosis

Answer 29

premature closure of sutures

Question 30

Limited range of motion and head and neck may indicate

Answer 30

wryneck or torticollis, the child holds the head to one side with the chin pointing toward the opposite side, a result of injury to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 31

Sternum’s three parts

Answer 31

Manubrium: uppermost portion, can be felt at base of neck

Body: largest segment of the sternum and forms the sternal angle

Xiphoid: small, moveable process at end of body

Question 32

Barrel Chest

Answer 32

chest is round

Question 33

Pigeon Chest

Answer 33

sternum protrudes out

Question 34

Evaluate respirations for: (4)

Answer 34

rate

rhythm

depth

quality