Chapter 4- Communication, Physical, and Developmental Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Most important component of effective communication

A

Listening

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2
Q

Major blocks to listening

A

environmental distraction

premature judgement

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3
Q

Anticipatory guidance

A

providing families information on normal growth and development and nurturing childbearing practices

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4
Q

What components of the communication process will convey the most significant message?

A

nonverbal components

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5
Q

Egocentric

A

see things only in relation to themselves and from their point of view

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6
Q

What children are egocentric?

A

children younger than 5

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7
Q

Universal language of children

A

play

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8
Q

Biochemical tests for assessing nutritional status include analysis of:

A

Plasma

blood cells

urine

tissues from liver, bone, hair, and fingernails

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9
Q

Common lab procedures for nutritional status

A

hemoglobin

hematocrit

transferrin

albumin

creatinine

nitrogen

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10
Q

Main criteria for assessing each body system

A

Using developmental and chronologic age

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11
Q

Physical exam position of Infant

A

Before able to sit alone: supine or prone (prefer parents arms)
before 4-6 months on exam table

After able to sit alone: sitting in parents lap whenever possible
If on table have parent in full view

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12
Q

Physical exam position of Toddler

A

Sitting or standing on or by parent

Prone or supine position in parent’s lap

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13
Q

Physical exam position of preschool child

A

Prefer standing or sitting
Prone or supine
Prefer parent’s closeness

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14
Q

Physical exam position of school-age child

A

Prefer sitting
cooperative in most positions
Younger child prefers parent’s presence
Older may prefer privacy

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15
Q

Physical exam position of adolescent

A

Same as school age

Offer parents presence

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16
Q

BMI

A

[weight in pounds/ (height in inches x height in inches)] x 703

17
Q

Skin fold thickness sites

A

triceps

subscapula

suprailiac

abdomen

upper thigh

18
Q

Core temperature

A

reflects the temp of the blood flow through the carotid arteries to the hypothalamus

19
Q

Rectal temp for children

A

37 c to 37.5 c ( 98.6 F to 99.5 F)

20
Q

Neonate core temp

A

36.5 c to 37.6 c (97.7 F to 99.7 F)

21
Q

Electronic intermittent thermometers

A

Measure pts temp at oral, rectal, and axillary sites

22
Q

Infrared thermometers

A

measure temp by collecting emitted thermal radiation from a particular site

23
Q

Electronic continuous thermometer

A

measure temp during the administration of general anesthesia, treatment of hypothermia or hyperthermia, and other situations that require continuous monitoring

24
Q

Orthostatic hypotension (OH)

A

decrease in BP when standing position

25
Define: Syncope; Vertigo; Cerebral hypoperfusion
Synscope: fainting Vertigo: dizziness Cerebral hypo perfusion: decreased blood flow to the brain
26
Common cause of OH Cause induced by:
Hypovolemia diuretics, vasodilator medications, prolonged immobility or bed rest
27
Other causes of OH
Dehydration Diarrhea Emesis Fluid loss from sweating/excretion alcohol intake dysrhythmias DM sepsis Hemorrhage
28
Skin turgor used for
estimates adequate hydration and nutrition
29
Craniosynostosis
premature closure of sutures
30
Limited range of motion and head and neck may indicate
wryneck or torticollis, the child holds the head to one side with the chin pointing toward the opposite side, a result of injury to the sternocleidomastoid muscle
31
Sternum's three parts
Manubrium: uppermost portion, can be felt at base of neck Body: largest segment of the sternum and forms the sternal angle Xiphoid: small, moveable process at end of body
32
Barrel Chest
chest is round
33
Pigeon Chest
sternum protrudes out
34
Evaluate respirations for: (4)
rate rhythm depth quality